Samoyeds (Samoyeds) - one of the most attractive breeds. The name came from group of the small northern people. Far North is considered the homeland of Samoyeds.
Origin of breed
Samoyeds (Samoyeds) came from the Nenets laika. According to the International film logical federation they are carried to group of spitz-dogs. Representatives of the Samoyed people who were ancestors of Nenets, Enets used dogs of this breed as assistants for a pasture of deer and also for driving the sleigh. Samoyeds warmed people, helped them not to freeze. They have a surprising feature - when the dog is embraced by the person, it fades and becomes almost motionless not to disturb, to wake the owner.
The name of breed, most likely, came from the name of northern nationality. But there is also one more widespread version in the people. Samoyeds were harnessed in the sleigh. When dogs carried a team, their snow-white wool merged with the snow and it seemed that the sleigh goes.
Features of breed
Character of a dog
The Samoyed - externally very interesting and ""talkative"" dog. Representatives of this breed they have fans polayat, but character very peaceful. They love the owners and differ in exclusive devotion. At the same time for some Samoyeds attempts to run away from people during walk therefore it is better to walk in open territories them on a lead were noticed.
Samoyeds are considered as one of the most cheerful. They with pleasure play with children, run behind a ball. For family with kids acquisition of such breed - ideal option. It is known that it was accepted to leave in some wandering tribes in need of children on layek and samoyeds who could sit not movably about a cradle with the sleeping baby. Samoyeds play with children very accurately. These animals keep playfulness till the old age. They well get on with other dogs or cats that in some situations is very important.
Samoyeds easily give in to training, but in the course of training can show obstinacy. Manufacturers should stock up with patience. If the animal does not want to execute any given command, you should not insist. It is better to postpone training or to continue it, but already in playful way. For elderly people these dogs can also become excellent friends and assistants. They quickly react to changes in behavior of the owner, pay attention to certain sound signals therefore can be used as guides for blind people. Samoyeds are not suitable for protection.
Standard of breed
There is a certain standard by which it is necessary to be guided when determining breed. The following external signs are characteristic of Samoyeds:
- thickset body of the average sizes;
- direct rather narrow back with well expressed scapular joints;
- the direct, long and widely placed paws, brawny hinder legs with obviously expressed skakatelny joint;
- the wide neck bent forward;
- the wedge-shaped head with a powerful skull;
- nose with a direct back and well developed nostrils (at young dogs the nose has a black color, but with age it becomes pale, and black is only a fringing);
- fleshy lips with the raised corners;
- deeply put eyes of an almond-shaped form;
- fluffy, high-ranking tail;
- white color (small sites of a cream shade of wool are allowed).
The weight of Samoyeds - from 17 to 30 kg. Growth in withers of adult dogs - from 53 to 60 cm, a bough - from 53 to 56 cm. Small deviations are downwards admissible.
The Samoyed spitz-dogs are distinguished in a form of the structure of the head. On this sign they are divided into several types:
- bear (head wider, ears roundish, muzzle short);
- fox (the head pointed and long, ears sharp, highly put);
- wolf (a skull powerful, but the muzzle which was more extended in comparison with bear type).
Manufacturers and fans of this breed know well such expression as ""the Samoyed smile"". At a view of these dogs it seems that they smile. Such impression is made because of slightly raised corners of a mouth and unusual eye shape. Puppies of Samoyeds very fluffy are also similar to plush toys.
Care for a dog
Average life expectancy of Samoyeds - 10-15 years. It strongly depends on conditions of keeping and leaving. The private house with the large territory and the open-air cage is ideal for an institution of dogs of this breed. At the same time the open-air cage has to be rather reliable. The dog easily does underminings and jumps through high obstacles. In the apartment the Samoyeds feel is constrained. Contents on a chain in this case also does not approach.
Fluffy wool of white color demands special leaving. Daily it should be combed a special brush. The metal hairbrush recommends to scratch an animal during a molt. Once a year wool needs to be washed with the untangling shampoo. Professional manufacturers usually do it before exhibitions.
Samoyeds are very active therefore it is regularly necessary to examine their paws regarding damages. In need of a wound it is necessary to process disinfecting structures.
Health of a dog
Samoyeds have good immunity. About one year the puppy surely takes root from viral diseases: plagues, enteritis, paraflu, hepatitis. By a year the active dog takes root from rage.
It is possible to carry to pathologies to which representatives of breed are subject:
- diseases of eyes (cataract, retina atrophy);
- endocrine diseases (hypothyroidism, diabetes);
- dysplasia of joints.
The white samoyed costs rather much. Before buying a puppy, it is necessary to study his family tree and also to take an interest what diseases the pet's parents had. Many pathologies are descended.
Feeding of samoyeds
For maintaining good physical activity of a dog and her health it is necessary to feed it correctly. It is possible to use high-quality specialized forages, but the price of them is rather high.
The Samoyed puppies are meat eaters. Such dogs can be fed also with natural products: meat, offal, grain, vegetables. At the same time it is very important to observe balance of receipt of an organism of an animal of proteins, fats and carbohydrates for prevention of development of endocrine diseases, diseases of joints.
Samoyeds cannot be fed with confectionery, smoked products, salty food and semi-finished products. With care it is necessary to give potatoes. For samoyeds the most preferable is two times food. They can be transferred to such mode of feeding after achievement of age of 7-8 months by them. If manufacturers feed the pet with natural products, it is necessary to enter vitamins into a diet of an animal in addition.