If the villager has a cow on the farmstead, he perfectly understands that the main condition of receiving good yields of milk is full feeding. At unbalanced food the quality and amount of milk considerably decreases.
What feed a cow with
Depending on efficiency, the milk cow needs in 70 kg and more balanced forage in day. For ruminants the basis of feeding is formed by rough forages: hay, straw, senazh (the crushed hay). Juicy forages are necessary for it: a root - and tuber crops, a silo and a green grass, cereals and bean herbs. To increase yields of milk, it is necessary to include the concentrated and combined forages in a diet. To it compound feeds with vitamin supplements, cake, grain waste, vitamin and mineral fertilizing, bone meal and so forth belong.
Hay for feeding of animals has to be high quality, have a pleasant smell, not contain mold mushrooms and decay. Straw and grain waste need preliminary preparation before feeding: they need to be crushed and troubled hot water, to add mineral fertilizing. These forages fill a digestive tract of animals and easily are digested. A silo and senazh – the valuable nutritious forages allowing to increase significantly efficiency of a cow. Not a smaller role is played also by juicy forages: beet, turnip, carrots, potatoes. At the same time the cattle breeder should not forget about need to wash out root crops from dirt and to crush them – when eating large tubers the animal risks to choke, it is especially relevant when feeding fresh potatoes.
What quantity of a forage is necessary for a productive cow
As a basis of forages is hay, it is required to prepare it in prosperity: on one adult krupnorogaty animal a day 3-5 kg at the rate on 100 kg of live weight, within 10-15 kg a day are necessary. The quantity of forages necessary for feeding on one day, it is necessary to increase on the number of days of the stall period – the total amount of necessary forages will turn out. Straw and chaff it will be required to give to a cow on 5 kg a day on the head. Norm of a senazh of 8-12 kg a day; for a silo the standard – 3-5 kg a day. For root crops there is also a standard: fodder beet, potatoes on 15-20 kg, carrots – 10-12 kg, sugar beet of 5-8 kg. A specific place in feeding of KRS is held by the concentrated forages. The best basis for them are fodder grain crops: oats, wheat, barley. It is necessary to watch carefully quality of compound feed – the moldy grain is hazardous to health of a cow. There is a simple calculation of amount of necessary compound feed: on each kilogram of milk it is necessary to feed 2 kg of grain compound feed. In this case the cow will receive enough nutrients not to lose live weight and not to reduce the size of yields of milk. It is recommended to give them in previously prepared look, as well as bran. Also it will be required to give to a cow chalk and phosphobone meal. It is necessary to feed animals 2-3 times a day, distributing day norm in equal parts. Water in enough is necessary for animals, but it is not less than 30-40 l on one feeding, its temperature should not be below 8-10 °C. It is necessary to provide to cows and regular exercise in the fresh air. As an indispensable condition of successful maintenance of KRS serves the good sanitary condition of the farmyard. Implementation of all these requirements will allow to receive good yields of milk and to keep health and efficiency of the Burenka for many years.