There are two main types of beehives, each of which has the advantages and shortcomings. Professionals prefer vertical designs, but beginners are recommended to begin with horizontal.
All types of beehives have to conform to biological features and requirements of bee family. This wooden lodge can represent designs of different type.
What types of beehives happen
Beehive happen two types: vertical and horizontal. Carry such designs which can be increased in height by means of installation of an additional framework and cases to the first. The horizontal type is presented by lodges which are increased in width. This type of beehives is generally widespread in the southern regions.
But vertical designs (struts) have a number of indisputable advantages. First, they conform to requirements to keeping of bees more. The quantity of insects can increase without being afraid of the shortage of volume of the room therefore such type of beehives allows to grow up families of big force. This fact is important for increase in a medosbor. Secondly, it is much more convenient to work with a framework in vertical designs: here it is possible to operate with the whole cases and extensions at once. Horizontal beehives (plank beds) are convenient that near the main family it is possible to contain layers, without operating at the same time with heavy frame cases. Care for bees and gathering honey is simpler as it is not necessary to move and lift heavy extensions. If the beekeeper notices that time to divide family came, he near the basic installs the second case consisting of a bottom, a roof, a podkryshnik, the priletny platform, a framework. If the beekeeper – the professional, his pets winter equally well in any beehive. But for beginners it is desirable to get plank beds as they it is much simpler in service. In these lodges it is easy to clean a bottom, to form layers, to warm nests. When transporting bees it is recommended to use beehives of horizontal type too. Plank beds have some shortcomings, but they are essential. First of all, it is necessary note the fact that horizontal cases not fully meet the biological requirements of development of bees. Badly and the fact that in such designs the air-gas exchange during the wintering is insufficient. In addition, plank beds take much more place, than vertical beehives.
Standard systems of beehives
Design institutes developed several standards according to which make lodges for bees. These designs have some differences as are intended for operation in different climatic zones. The most popular standard following of a beehive: single-unit with two store extensions, similar with a removable bottom, a beehive plank beds, calculated on 16 frames, multicase a beehive, a beehive ten-frame.