The fourth month of pregnancy is the period when toxicosis finally stops and the woman directly in the eyes blossoms from the interesting situation. To the kid there are considerable changes too.
How does the fruit on the 16th week of pregnancy develop?
The child on the 16th week of pregnancy already has the decent sizes. From a darkness to a tailbone on average the kid has length of 11 cm. The child on this term about 120 g has to weigh. The kid in the parameters is similar to a fruit of avocado of the average size.
If on this term the ultrasonography is appointed, then the doctor will look not only at the full length of the child, but also at length of separate parts of a body. The forearm size at a fruit on this term has to be 12-18 mm, circumference has to be within 11-13 mm. The umbilical cord on the sixteenth week will have length about 50 centimeters. Its diameter is on average equal to 2 cm. It is quite strong and flexible. Therefore you should not worry that the child can grab by it and do much harm somehow to yourself. Even if it happens, then he will not do to himself any harm.
Externally the child already looks not as an embryo, and as the little man. On the 16th obstetric week of pregnancy to the kid there are following changes:
- Legs become longer. As a result the small little body gets human proportions.
- Eyes still too convex are also located too far from each other. But it is not necessary to worry. Very soon they will get up on the place.
- Eyelids already practically completed the development and are ready to open.
- Genitals develop. Thanks to the device ultrasonography the experienced expert can tell future parents for whom they wait. The main thing that the child was not closed from the doctor. It is possible to ask the expert to make the picture of the child and to give it for memory to parents. The picture though will be black-and-white, but will become significant. It is one of the first photos of the child.
- The skeleton begins to grow stiff actively. The organism of mother needs more and more calcium. It is desirable to receive it from food. Intake of vitamins is possible only on doctor's orders.
- Muscles of the kid are improved.
The child already gains some skills. So far they are unconscious. The brain is responsible for any movement. The kid is capable already now:
- To do grimaces.
- To move hands and legs.
- To turn the head from left to right and back.
- To hold the head directly.
- To suck a finger.
- To swallow of amniotic liquid.
These skills are very important for a small organism. For example, thanks to attempts to swallow of amniotic waters, there is their transformation to urine which is removed then from an organism. On average urination at the child happens each 45 minutes. These trainings are very important for further correct work of kidneys and the urinogenital system of the child.
Heart of the kid is capable to pump over blood of 25 liters already now a day. Not the liver as earlier, and marrow is responsible for blood formation. In blood fetal hemoglobin is found in the child besides usual elements. It is possible to define a blood type and a Rhesus factor of the kid. The liver on the 16th obstetric week begins to perform the digestive functions. Soon the responsibilities will be started by a stomach, intestines and a gall bladder. Originally all their work will have training character.
In intestines of the kid meconium gradually begins to accumulate is a first-born excrement which almost completely consists of bile. Meconium has black-green color. Normal it has to leave in the first day after the child's birth.
What changes happen to the pregnant woman on the 16th obstetric week of pregnancy?
The woman's body considerably changed since the beginning of pregnancy. But it is not necessary to decide something. The feature of the woman in the family way, as a rule, is that for people around it practically always looks perfectly.
The woman can pay attention how pleasant and silk became her skin. Emergence of pigmentary spots or the vertical dark line of a stomach, but in general its state more than satisfactory is possible. Most it is possible to tell also about the woman's hair. As a rule, throughout pregnancy they practically do not drop out. To all pregnancy hormones are the reason.
The breast increases in sizes. All doberemenny bras will be small. And both volume under a breast, and the size of a cup can exchange. You should not save on new underwear. Correctly picked up bra will help to lower loading in touch and breast skin.
Most often the sensitivity of nipples in the second trimester decreases a little. But after all it is worth reconsidering the transition from lace and synthetic underwear to cotton. Many women very much like to use seamless linen which looks as a usual topic. It remarkably supports a breast and does not bring discomfort.
If the woman decides to put on the fitting clothes now, then her stomach will become at once noticeable for people around. But some can still hide the pregnancy, putting on clothes of a free cut.
The uterus on the 16th week of pregnancy weighs about a quarter of kilogram. Approximately the same weight is made by the amniotic waters surrounding the child.
The woman's heart if she is healthy, adapted to additional loading and pumps over more and more blood.
Until the end of pregnancy there is a lot more time. But already now the backbone and muscles adapt to the increased loading. The stomach will become more and more every week now. And if the woman bears twins, then its volumes will increase even quicker. If necessary carrying a special bandage can be appointed by the doctor. A story that it can do much harm to a fruit, having changed its arrangement — no more than the myth.
What is felt by future mom on the 16th week of pregnancy?
Time when the woman was tormented by toxicosis, in the past. Now its state is much better. The organism gradually gets used to a new state. At the pregnant woman can not be any symptoms in the second trimester at all. But takes place to be also a reverse situation when the pregnant woman is influenced by everything:
- Difficulty of breath because of increase in a uterus and increase in pressure upon a diaphragm.
- Small hypostases on hands and legs. Important especially carefully to watch them. They should not be present a long time. If the woman very often watches herself puffiness, then about it it is necessary to talk to the doctor. Perhaps it will be required to control intake of water. In certain cases the expert appoints the medicines helping to bring excess water out of an organism.
- That to prevent them, it is necessary to watch the diet constantly. In case of a lock it is possible to eat prunes. It will be able to help to release intestines from a calla.
- Physiological cold can develop on any week and not stop up to childbirth. It is considered norm if there are no symptoms of cold.
- The appetite improves. Food addictions can be shown also in the second trimester, but is already not so strong.
- Manifestation of a tunnel syndrome is possible. The woman can feel pain and numbness of wrists.
But the first stirs of a fruit can become the most remarkable feeling this week. You should not be upset if they are absent yet. Very soon they will become considerable. It will be possible even to define, than the child decided to push the mom. For now the first feelings look as contact of a feather somewhere in a stomach.
Recommendations which need to be observed on the 16th week of pregnancy
If future mom of it did not make yet, then now it is a high time to buy special trousers or jeans for pregnant women who will not press her on a stomach.
Also for automobile trips it is worth buying the special adapter for a seat belt. In case of a drift of the car, sharp braking or road accident it will prevent the belt pressure upon area of a stomach of the pregnant woman.
On the 16th week of pregnancy it is not necessary to make any tests, as a rule. But by the doctor inspections in case of suspicion of pathologies of a fruit or aberrations of health of future mom can be appointed.
It is worth sleeping on this term to the woman already on one side. Long stay lying on a back can lead to the additional pressure upon vessels and internals a fruit. To lie on a stomach now too it will not turn out. The increased stomach simply will not give it to make. In case of need it is possible to enclose a pillow between legs or to buy a special pillow for pregnant women in the form of a horseshoe or a half moon. It can be used also after the birth of the kid, enclosing under the child during feeding.
You should not visit saunas and hot baths and also the long time to be under the influence of sunshine. But it is desirable to walk daily. Also positively visit of the pool affects health of the pregnant woman.