For protection of interests of children which parents are not able to show care of them the law provides a possibility of adoption. Adoption is understood as transfer of children to family on education. At the same time the child can be adopted by the stepfather or the stepmother or two strangers to him people.
Adoption is a form of child placement which is the most approximate to kindred as, first, there is a secrecy of adoption enshrined in the law, secondly, the rights and duties adopted and adoptive parents are equated to the rights and duties of children and parents.
It should be noted that adoption has constant character and attracts substantial legal effects, for example, emergence of the right for inheritance for adoptive parents, the rights of use of premises of the adoptive father, etc.
It is possible to adopt the child who is not 18 years old, and the only parent or both parents of which died, are recognized as court is unknown absent or are declared the dead, recognized as court incapacitated, deprived by court of the parental rights, agreed to adoption.
The fact that parents of the child are not known or that they left him in medical institutions has to be confirmed by the act of law enforcement agencies, guardianship authorities or administration of medical institution respectively. To learn about that who is deprived of parental guardianship it is possible from the general national bank of data which is known by tutorship and guardianship authorities. There is a number of requirements which are imposed to the persons wishing to become adoptive parents. So, the full age, capable citizen concerning whom the judgment on deprivation of its parental rights or on adoption cancellation through his fault was not made can be the adoptive father. Besides, the citizen cannot adopt the child if he is suffering from tuberculosis, diseases of nervous system, malignant oncological diseases, drug addiction, toxicomania, alcoholism, etc. Therefore each applicant for adoption undergoes obligatory medical survey. If the man and the woman who are not consisting in the registered marriage wished to adopt the child, then adoption makes out only one of them. The adoptive father has to have the permanent residence, have income not below a living wage on the subject. Process of adoption includes: filing of application in guardianship authority about making the conclusion about an opportunity to be an adoptive father; inspection of living conditions of the applicant; primary accounting of the candidate in case of the positive conclusion; address to the operator state. bank of information about children without care of parents; receiving the direction on visits of the child in establishment in which he is. Personal acquaintance of the applicant in adoptive parents and the child surely. Still the candidate has to confirm in writing that he acquaintance with the medical certificate about health of the child; appeal to the court with the statement for adoption. The rights and duties of the adoptive father and the adopted child arise since that moment as the judgment on adoption establishment will take legal effect.