Biochemical screening is an analysis which is appointed to pregnant women for detection of various pathologies at a fruit. Such inspection helps to detect a serious illness, defects, mutations at early stages.
What is biochemical screening
In process of development of a fruit the placenta begins to emit special substances in blood of future mother. The biochemical analysis is just directed to a research of these substances. The aberration can demonstrate that pregnancy proceeds not smoothly. Appoint screening two times for the entire period of pregnancy. The first inspection takes place in the first trimester on 10-14 week, and the second - on 16-20 week.
Whether it is necessary to carry out the biochemical analysis
Experts recommend to do this analysis without fail. Because any woman is not insured from development of pathologies in the kid. It is connected with a hereditary factor, way of life, an ecological situation. The World Health Organization in turn recommends to carry out surely screening at least in the second trimester. Each future mom has the right independently to decide to carry out the analysis or not, but once again will not prevent to secure herself. It will help to avoid further problems.
Risk group
To women of risk group doctors appoint screening two times. Treat to such group: women are more senior than 35 years; the women having genetic anomalies in family; future mothers who had infectious diseases in the early stages of pregnancy; in case mother and father close relatives; if the woman had an abortion, still births, the child's births with pathologies earlier.
Screening in the first and in the second trimester
Biochemical screening in the first trimester reveals two substances: HGCh, RARR-A. Doctors define quantity of each of substances in an organism of future mother and check whether there are aberrations. If the expert suspected deviations of development of a germ, then ultrasonography is appointed. The single analysis gives the authentic forecast in 60% of cases, and here in total with ultrasonography the percentage increases up to 80. Carrying out screening in the first trimester allows to detect a Down syndrome and Edwards's syndrome. In the second trimester during the analysis reveal three substances: HGCh, AFP, NE. On later term it is possible to reveal the following anomalies in development of a fruit: malformation of a nervous tube, anomaly of kidneys, zarashcheniye of a belly wall. The following factors can affect result of biochemical screening: polycarpous pregnancy, ECO, addictions of mother (especially smoking), presence of serious diseases (cold, diabetes). Indicators will depend even on the woman's weight. At thin persons they are underestimated, at full on the contrary.