On skin of children rashes, irritation or rash, the shelled spots very often develop. To distinguish their character and to define the reasons provoking similar problems not only physicians, but also parents are obliged.
Skin of the child is an indicator on which more than 100 diseases of various etiology in the form of the shelled spots, irritations, the itching rash can be displayed. The first that parents are obliged to make, having found similar problems in the child – to see the pediatrician or the dermatologist. But not always it can be done as soon as possible, therefore it is necessary to have basic knowledge about what can cause appearance of rash, spots on skin in children how to lower unpleasant pronounced symptomatology in the form of an itch, reddenings and discomfort in the struck area of a body.
Reasons of emergence of skin problems in the child
Skin of newborns, and it is frequent also children up to 5 years, sharply reacts to external and internal irritants, infectious and inflammatory processes in an organism. About any given problems it can signal the shelled or red spots, the itching or becoming wet rash. Certain types and types of activators are characteristic of each of manifestations:
- spots can appear because of the increased pigmentation, the beginning of origin of birthmarks of a red or brown shade, it can be a Mongoloid body or a gemangiom;
- rash develops at an allergy, a potnitsa, an eritema, infectious diseases or an acne;
- diathesis at children develops food, respiratory, infectious, because of nerves, lymphatic, autoimmune.
– as them to classify spots on the child's skin
Having noticed a speck on the child's skin, it is necessary to see a doctor or to try to classify independently it. For pigmentary and birthmarks uneven contours, the sizes from minimum, dot up to the capacity of 5 of a ruble coin are characteristic. If on a body of the kid several small pigmentary spots are found, and their quantity, the sizes do not increase, the spot does not rise over the surface of epidermis, then you should not panic, it is possible to wait for planned survey at the pediatrician by which will determine the nature of spots.
What rash on skin is dangerous to the child by
Rash causes much more problems – it, as a rule, itches, often becomes wet, peeling of integuments in the field of its emergence can begin. In case of appearance of rash, an indisposition or temperature increase of a body on its background, it is necessary to ask for medical care immediately. Causative agents of skin rash at children can seriously do much harm to health, influence negatively the general and even mental development, promote developing of chronic diseases. Pale and bright red rash which becomes wet is dangerous to the child of any age, strongly scratches,
Diathesis and its skin manifestations at children
Children can have a dry and becoming wet diathesis, but both of its forms are equally unpleasant. At babies the diatezny rash is often taken for a potnitsa. Unlike a potnitsa, this rash does not disappear even at the correct, regular and thorough care for skin of the kid. It is possible to distinguish a disease on the centers of spread of rash – it develops on cheeks, a bottom, legs, and in other places of a body. Diathesis is dangerous that it breaks work of the immune system, can become the reason of development of a secondary infection.
Diagnostics of skin problems at children
Diagnosing of skin diseases both at adults, and at children is carried out by the uniform principle – studying the anamnesis (medical record), survey, perhaps a palpation of the struck area, the analysis of symptomatology and biological materials. Primary inspection is performed by the pediatrician, and on its basis makes the decision on the direction on consultation to the dermatologist, the infectiologist or other highly specialized doctors. Sometimes the whole crew of doctors participates in diagnostics:
- dermatologist,
- allergist,
- trichologist,
- gastroenterologist,
- endocrinologist,
- psychiatrist,
- oncologist,
- rheumatologist.
Diagnosis of rash, diathesis, the reasons of emergence of spots on skin of the child is complicated by the fact that newborns cannot tell about the feelings, and children under 5 years – accurately to formulate their description. The task of parents is in providing the most exact data on a problem – duration and intensity of manifestation of symptomatology, the nature of a current, the list of the diseases postponed earlier and the used vaccines, features and frequency of food, efficiency of functioning of internals, change of the looking after and hygienic means, presence of skin or chronic diseases at close relatives.
How to treat skin diseases at children
To treat diathesis or rash, to try to remove independently the causes of emergence of spots or a potnitsa on skin of the child it is impossible categorically. Only the medical expert, based on obtained from parents yielded, results of inspection and a laboratory research of biological materials, can appoint treatment. To select medicines for internal reception and external means only the doctor can. Self-treatment can lead to irreversible consequences and serious problems not only with skin, but also with internals, is negative influence growth and development of the kid.
Treatment of spots on skin of the kid can be only external, and in certain cases it is not required at all if the concern of parents was caused by new birthmarks on a body of the kid. On skin it can be necessary for definition of the reasons of their emergence not only palpations, but also collecting analyses.
It is impossible to treat rash independently, before it it is necessary to know by what activator it is caused. If there is no temperature increase and an itch, then therapy consists in use of ointments, gels with the softening and calming, drying action.
Diathesis demands more detailed inspection and long-term treatment. At initial stages, at softly expressed symptomatology it can consist in correction of food of the kid and mom if it is on breastfeeding.
Treatment of difficult diseases of skin at children
Often rashes on skin of the child serve as a signal of more serious diseases. Medical experts carry to them
- chicken pox,
- scarlet fever,
- rubella,
- diseases grease and sweat glands,
- neurodermatitis,
- psoriasis,
- furunkulez.
The complex of treatment of serious skin diseases includes, as a rule, three polytypic directions – medicamentous, nutritional and psychological. Medicines are selected according to type of the activator or the reason, age of the child and features of his organism. Means for intake and external are appointed – for simplification of symptomatology. Duration and intensity of therapy is corrected depending on results. The child has to be under observation of the medical expert, out-patient treatment is allowed if the disease does not progress.
Correction of food and occupation with the psychologist are necessary to exclude the factors provoking a disease, to support the immune system and to distract the kid from symptoms – the nagger, irritability against the background of a disease. The huge role in treatment is played by parents – they are responsible for the accuracy of implementation of all recommendations, an exception of combing of skin in the presence of an itch, control of body temperature and tracking manifestations of a disease. It is a basis of success of therapy.