The hemorrhagic syndrome at children represents such disease at which there is a damage of walls of microvessels. Very often it is accepted to call a syndrome the increased bleeding.
Distinguish the hereditary and acquired hemorrhagic syndrome. As a rule, at a hereditary form the pathological changes strike a vascular grid, blood plasma, are followed by various anomalies of platelets and megakariotsit, blood clotting, etc. is broken. The acquired form is a consequence of defeat of the immune system and is connected with metabolic processes, damages of platelets, violations of molecules of plasma, violations of a koagudologichesky system, etc.
Depending on pathogenesis, the hemorrhagic syndrome can be divided into various groups. The first group is caused by primary defeat of a grid of vessels. There is a tendency to secondary defeat at which the platelet and coagulative hemostasis begins. The second group is a defeat of a megakariotsitarny and platelet sprout. The third group – violations of blood clotting. The fourth group – complex violations.
The most often hemorrhagic syndrome at newborns is presented in the form of hemorrhagic diathesis. Of course, at emergence of various symptoms of a disease of the child it is necessary to hospitalize and begin effective treatment urgently. The child has frequent bleedings from mucous membranes, petekhiya are formed. Before arrival of doctors it is necessary to provide to the child a bed rest, to organize healthy nutrition, at nasal bleedings to insert a tampon. The most optimal variant of food of the injured child is the liquid and cooled food which contains a large number of calories. It is expedient to increase the volume of the drunk liquid. The stage of therapeutic treatment represents use of medicines (spasmolysants, dezagregant, neurometabolic medicines), freshly frozen plasma. Depending on a stage the treatment complex which effectively supports an organism of the child and allows to get rid of this disease of an organism is selected. The hemorrhagic syndrome against the background of gastrointestinal diseases assumes introduction of a ditsinon, heparin, use of a glasion, Vikasolum, intravenous administration of a gluconate and chloride of calcium, ascorbic acid, a pakhikarpin, remestin and other medicines. To prevent possible bleeding, it is expedient to take the drugs which are directed to increase in blood clotting. It will allow to stop quickly a blood-groove and to normalize a condition of an organism of the child. For a local stop of bleeding are used thrombin, pakhikarpin, special a film with lincomycin and a haemo static sponge. As a rule, means not only stop a blood-groove, but also fast healing of wounds is promoted, by regenerations of cells of leather and fabrics, possess antiseptic action. In all cases group K vitamin as it takes part in biosynthesis is appointed, normalizes blood clotting, is antihemorrhagic vitamin. To prevent a hemorrhagic syndrome, it is necessary to carry out childbirth in specialized medical institutions in which all security measures for health and human life are observed. It should be noted that the hemorrhagic syndrome is shown in the first days of life of the kid. For prevention it is expedient to press an umbilical cord within 30 seconds, to put to a breast directly on a genitive table right after childbirth and also to inject special drugs during the first hours of life, etc.