The school course of chemistry sometimes seems to teenagers quite boring. Studying this subject matter will be much more successful if to acquaint with it the child slightly earlier, than that is demanded by the standard school program. It is possible to make it in a special circle, on scientific shows and even at home.
It is required to you
- - soda;
- - vinegar;
- - paper cone:
- - copper vitriol;
- - table salt;
- - indicator paper;
- - acid:
- - alkali;
- - iron piece;
- - chemical ware;
- - gloves:
- - respirator.
Instruction
1. Explain to the child that you begin to make scientific experiments. They require the special equipment and means of protection. Of course, experiments with vinegar and soda can be conducted also without chemical ware, but it is better if the child from the very beginning gets used that work with chemical reactants demands care.
2. Buy several flasks and glasses from chemical glass and also a small spirit-lamp or the gas burner. Do not forget about gloves and a respirator for yourself and the child. All this can be got not only in shop of chemical reactants, but even in usual economic.
3. Make the first experiment with vinegar and soda. Fill a soda tablespoon in a glass, pour in it approximately in twice more vinegar. For certain it will be pleasant to the child that soda hissed. Explain that between two substances there is a chemical reaction as a result of which gaseous substance is emitted. If a glass rather narrow, it is possible after you pour vinegar, to cover it with a paper cap. The cap will fly up as a rocket.
4. Carry out several reactions during which substances change color. For example, pour in one glass any acid, in another – alkali. Lower identical pieces of indicator paper in both solutions. In acidic environment litmus paper will be painted in red color, in alkaline – in blue. It is possible to repeat experiments with different acids and different alkalis. Explain to the child that those and other types of substances belong to caustic therefore it is necessary to work with them in gloves.
5. Put an iron piece in a chemical glass. Pour a little divorced acid. Bubbles will go. If to lower an iron piece in alkali, it will begin to rust after a while.
6. It is possible to acquaint the child with chemistry and on a scientific show. Now such representations are carried out in many cities. The wizards capable to change color of substance to cause loss of a deposit, to dissolve a firm subject, willingly leave also to small settlements, and to villages. For certain among your neighbors there will be careful parents seeking to show to the child the world in all its variety so it is possible to agree and invite actors. And nothing prevents to organize such show if you have suitable substances and the equipment.
7. The child can explain that each substance has own designation. It is possible to show also periodic Mendeleev's system. The child already knows some elements. It is possible to mark the corresponding sections of the table. Do the same marks in process of acquaintance to new substances. Not with everyone it is possible to make experiment in house conditions. But, for example, the child can explain that in a balloon there is a helium which has the lodge in the table too, as well as at mercury which lives in the thermometer.