New abilities of the kid — the smile, crawling, walking — give parents joy and cause genuine admiration. But comparing the child to other children, mothers often are upset that at the girlfriend the son started walking earlier, and at neighbors the daughter already speaks and even knows figures a year. Whether always such comparisons are proved? There are norms of physical and mental development of children, and it is necessary to be guided by them when determining the level of development of the child. Lag from these norms and even their advancing – deviation indicators from normal development.
It is required to you
- - tests for determination of norms of development of children;
- - medical record of the child.
Instruction
1. Observe the child. Shortly write that he is able what he reached to the age. Observations can be fixed, breaking into components: speech development, informative processes, motor development, self-service. On other leaf write what, in your opinion, the kid could master to the age, but actually is not able.
2. Compare the observations to norms of development of children at this age. Such indicators are most often issued in the form of tables. Each table is the work made by group of authors on the basis of scientific data and long observation of groups of children. Any test is considered reliable if underwent approbation not less, than on two thousand people.
3. Define whether the child has an advancing in development in any indicators. It can demonstrate to presence of endowments at it in a certain field of knowledge or to a deviation in development. The endowments are shown against the background of normal development in all other indicators. The deviation can be considered high rates in one area, and lag in all others. For example, the child in 2 years begins to read, but is not able to use a pot, is not interested in toys, does not express positive emotions at a meeting with parents.
4. Make experiments on assimilation by children of necessary skills according to age. Observation not always gives an accurate account of the level of development since manifestation of some skills it is necessary to wait for several days. It is possible to organize activity of the child specially: "Show a nose at a doll. And where Olya has a nose?" - is normal, by 2nd years the child unmistakably shows one part of a body at himself and at others. The maintenance of experimental tasks can also be found in tables of norms of development of children.
5. Analyze data of the medical record of your child. Growth, weight, frequency of diseases – important diagnostic indicators of its development in general. Small growth or big weight can be a consequence and genetic features of the child, but their dynamics will specify how effective conditions are created in family for normal development of the child.