When small children are told about school, usually say: "You will be taught to be read, written and considered there". However similar data already became outdated – now without these and many other basic skills of the child do not admit to school at all. When the kid makes simple mathematical operations, bending fingers, it is normal. But the similar technology needs to forget and learn to be read out from certain age without the aid of make-shifts.
It is required to you
- Books with examples into the oral account, cards with figures.
Instruction
1. The age at which the child has to learn to count in mind at everyone different, but on average is 5-6 years. To teach the child to do mental arithmetic quickly, to start him it is necessary to teach just to do mental arithmetic, and before – in the principle to teach to consider. Kind of obviously it sounded, each of these points needs to pay due attention, and many parents forget about it. So, at first the child has to learn to count well objects – calculating sticks, toys, anything and to make with them simple arithmetic operations. If the kid cannot count how many it will turn out sticks if to two sticks to put two more sticks, do not demand from him to count in mind how many there will be "2+3".
2. That the child well mastered mental arithmetic, he has to be familiar well with concepts "more" and "less", "equally", understand structure of number. There are several different receptions of the account within ten. Daily cheerful classes it is necessary to achieve that the kid understood structures of numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10. He has to master, for example, all ways of receiving number 7 within dozens (1+6, 2+5, 3+4). Children have a great visual memory therefore even constantly looking at such examples, the child will get used to their values. It is very useful to use for such operations usual cards with figures or "cash desk of figures".
3. By means of toys or other bright examples study with the child structure of number 10 that he knew that 10 is 2+8, 3+7, 4+6, etc. Explain to him what from change of the places composed the sum does not change (certainly, it is possible not so scientifically – "if we trade numbers places, all the same we will receive as much"), explain that subtraction – the operation, return to addition. When the preschool child masters additions within ten in mind, business will go much quicker.
4. To go beyond dozens, it is possible to use method "to ten". For example, it is required to put 7 and 5. Is not enough for number 5 to 10 5, we take away them from 7, there are 2. That is, 7+5=5+5+2. And it is not so difficult to add 2 to 10.
5. The main thing in development of fast mental arithmetic is a presentation. Suggest, for example, the child to put and subtract numbers which he sees on the street. Numbers of cars, for example. The car with number 398 passed – suggest to consider how many it will be 3+9+8, etc.
6. About whether it is worth giving to school to the child examples on multiplication and division, argue very much. Estimate abilities of the child, but do not overload him and do not turn his life into one continuous lesson of mathematics. Anyway, technology of development of multiplication and division in mind approximately same, as well as with addition and subtraction.