The mentality is a property of high-organized beings - people and animals, ability to react to the world around and to regulate in this regard the behavior and activity. It as well subjective interior. Each personality has mental properties, typical for it.
Origin of properties of mentality
Mental properties are a result of neurophysiological activity of a brain. They are closely connected with mental processes which substantially depend on identity of the personality.
Properties of mentality are steady and cause the certain type of behavior and activity characteristic of the specific person. They are formed and fixed gradually in the life course as result of practical activities and reflection of the world around. Congenital features of an organism are only inclinations which somewhat predetermine development in the person of any given mental properties - traits of character, tendencies and interests, strong and weaknesses. They are more or less steady, but can change under the influence of life circumstances or thanks to strong-willed desire of the person to change.
Main mental properties
Usually mark out such main mental properties as temperament, character, abilities and motivations. The temperament includes set of individual steady psychophysical properties of the individual, dynamic features of his behavior, mental states and mental activity. The temperament is connected with the constitution of a body. People are divided, as a rule, into sanguine persons, choleric persons, phlegmatic persons and melancholiacs. It is considered to be that the temperament does not give in to change, however in practice time it is possible to observe its change at people with age, with change of a hormonal background or way of life. Understand the main lines of the personality causing her behavior in society and acts as character. These lines are quite steady, but can change. To them the self-assessment, degree of criticality and insistence concern themselves and others, egoism and altruism, collectivism and individualism, keenness and indifference, politeness and roughness, truthfulness and falsity, responsibility and irresponsibility, assiduity and impatience, initiative and passivity, accuracy and untidiness, independence, determination, persistence, discipline, etc. Mean the steady psychological properties of the individual distinguishing him from others by abilities. Depends on them, how easily the person can achieve success in any given sphere of activity. Abilities can be natural, biologically caused (for example, high degree of flexibility of a body) or developed during life. Abilities are creative, communicative, theoretical (to abstract logically thinking), educational (learning ability, assimilation of knowledge and skills), practical (tendencies to practical actions), etc. At last, motivation is what induces the person to activity. Motives come from requirements. People have basic requirements - in air, food and water, safety, the dwelling, the physical movement. When the basic needs are met, requirements of higher level come into force - in love, recognition and approval, self-realization, etc.