In structure of the personality it is possible to allocate about 10 components. These components can be divided into corporal, psychological, social and directly personal.
The cognitive and affective sphere - two contrasts
The cognitive area of the personality is engaged in knowledge and includes such mental processes: memory, attention, perception, understanding, thinking, decision-making. Knowledge by means of them is called rational, that is reasonable. It is logical and consecutive processing of information.
The affective sphere includes everything the mental processes which are not connected with reason. Here motives, requirements, the emotional relation to the world and themselves, impulses and motives enter. The affective sphere induces to acts which a simple language are called unreasonable.
Attitude and consciousness
The following component of structure of the identity of the person – his attitude. The attitude can be defined as vision of the world in general and the attitude towards him. A component of attitude is in turn the Ya-concept. It reflects vision by the person of in this world. The world picture at each person has the features. The world can be perceived as safe and dangerous, simple or difficult. Consciousness as a component of structure of the personality represents area in which the person can pay attention to the mental processes. These processes are clear and reasonable, they can be controlled. Unconscious comprises elements which the person cannot "see" and check. Here the processes happening without consciousness control belong. It is possible to learn about contents unconscious by means of careful introspection.
Orientation of the personality and experience
The following component – orientation of the personality. It is what is actually important for the person. In other words is the its driving force, personal ideology. The orientation of the personality can differ in the width or narrowness, to differ on stability. Usually the orientation of the personality is defined by the person, but not society. Experience as a component of structure of the personality are the knowledge and ability received during life. They influence the person in the present, kind of long ago they were acquired. Personal experience is formed of what was endured directly by the person. People accept also others experience, public which is not called in question and personal check. Including it is possible to carry some moral and ethical moments to public experience.
Abilities and temperament
Abilities of the personality are also included into its structure. It can be mental, strong-willed, sincere, corporal capacities. Enters structure and character – set of rather steady ways of behavior and reactions. Despite the available frame in the form of character, the realized behavior is affected still by a set and other foreign factors. Habits, will power and dynamism of actions remain the main. The last component of structure of the personality – temperament. In general it is possible to tell that it is energy and dynamics of behavior, force of its emotional reactions. People on temperament are divided into sanguine persons, choleric persons, phlegmatic persons and melancholiacs.