Host (from the English host – the owner receiving guests) is a device or the program in network or other connection, constructed by the principle the client-server in which is the server. The term a host reflects a role of the device or the program as the center of data storage or management of services which services the host provides to clients. Depending on a use context, a concept the host accepts a little different and more exact values.
Instruction
1. In the specification of network protocols TCP/IP on which the Internet is based the host is the computer or other device having a network link which can both to transfer data, and to accept. Under this definition practically any computer is caught in the Internet. The host plays a role of a network point in this context.
2. The websites of a world wide web are based on a network architecture the client-server and are its widespread example. In this case a host is the Web server of the website which finds and sends to the client the pages requested by it. The client sending requests and accepting result from the Web server is the browser of the visitor of the website.
3. Hosts also call powerful computers which are in a local area network of some enterprises or institutes. Such computers perform the main work on calculation, modeling and other operations requiring considerable resources. The clients transferring to a host necessary instructions and accepting results, call workstations.
4. USB devices have a host controller. It is a payment which is usually located in the computer, to which other USB devices can be connected. At the same time the computer equipped with such payment for USB devices, for example, of the connected webcams, USB keyboards or USB sticks is a host.
5. Also as well as in the specification of protocols TCP/IP, in statistics of visit of the websites the host means a network point. The uniqueness of a network point is defined by its IP address. Therefore statistics on hosts reflects the number of visitors for a certain period to the unique IP addresses. For example, if for all day the website was visited by one visitor with one IP address throughout all session and viewed 3 pages on the website, in statistics 3 viewings and 1 host in a day will be displayed. If in a day the website was visited by 2 users, and one of them came in the morning from one IP address, and in the evening from another, in statistics 3 hosts will be displayed.