Presently many people consciously practice refusal of meat and other food of animal origin owing to the beliefs. Availability of various fruit, vegetables, cereals, bean, nuts and other sources of the substances necessary for an organism capable to fill absence in a meat diet, do vegetarianism possible without harm for health. However, there is a problem of a gastronomic habit: chops, cutlets, stakes — all this is very tasty, and sometimes just intolerably there is a wish for it. And here substitute of plant origin — soy meat comes to the rescue.
As do
Receive soy meat, or a soy texturate, from an offal of processing of soybeans — soy flour. It is mixed with soy meal and water and subjected to extrusion and also influence of high temperatures and pressure. Owing to this procedure the structure of raw materials changes — fibers are formed. The weight which turned out at the exit is divided into fragments of different size and dried. Depending on the size of pieces, they are packed as preparation for different dishes.
As in the course of technological processing water is lost, preparation for consumption demands addition of a significant amount of liquid. It should be considered when calculating portions.
Whether you know? Soy — very ancient crop. It is authentically established that it was already grown up in China three thousand years ago. It agrees other (more doubtful) sources — history of soy contains about seven thousand years.
Structure and caloric content
Product caloric content — about 300 kcal on 100 g. A proportion proteins/fats/carbohydrates — 52/1/18. The ready-made product contains usually from 50 to 70% of protein.
Also soy product is rich with useful vitamins: B1, B2, N, E, D; macrocells: potassium, calcium, phosphorus, iron and magnesium.
Useful properties
Soy often forms the basis of a vegetarian diet. It is proteinaceous food which comprehensibility, though below, than at red meat, but is close to fish. At the expense of the vitamins and minerals which are its part has the following useful properties:
- well influences musculoskeletal and cardiovascular systems, improves a blood-groove, interferes with a clotting;
- improves work of nervous system and endocrine glands (especially pancreatic and thyroid);
- optimizes a metabolism;
- interferes with adjournment of fats and cholesterol.
Important! Only in the USA more than 90% of the grown-up soy are genetically modified. Also it actively is exported and takes root into agriculture of other countries. If you the opponent in principle of GMO — monitor marking, about existence of transgenic crops in structure the producers are obliged to specify on packing.
Harm
At the regular use there can be negative consequences:
- decrease in production of some hormones that brings: for children — to development delay, for teenagers: girls — too early periods, boys — the slowed-down formation of sexual function;
- increase in risk of formation of sand and stones in kidneys, a bladder and urinary channels.
For men the overconsumption of the dishes containing soy is fraught with risk of decrease in level of testosterone (men's hormone) and increase in level of women's hormone — estrogen. Such consequences are caused by high content in soy of vegetable components — phytoestrogen, on properties to the similar estrogen produced by a female body.
Read also what vitamins are necessary for men and why they cannot use salt
Influence of phytoestrogen is shown for a male body as follows:
- sharp differences of mood;
- a set of excess weight on traditionally female sites — a breast, a waist, hips;
- decrease in sexual inclination;
- problems with potency;
- reduction of amount of the produced sperm.
It is important! If you in family had cases of oncological diseases, it is better to refuse the regular use of soy. Though communication of this product with cancer is definitely not proved, it is worth not to doing it by the main food product, at least.
Contraindications
Consumption of a product is not recommended to the following categories of people:
- having problems with kidneys and/or an urinogenital system, or inclined to similar diseases;
- inclined to allergic reactions;
- the minor, as there is a risk of problems with development of an organism.
Pay attention that soy also contains such minerals as: manganese, pine forest, aluminum, copper, nickel, molybdenum, cobalt, iodine.
At pregnancy and breastfeeding
There are two opposite opinions:
- Soy at pregnancy and GV is useful — provides an organism with useful substances, protects from hit of heavy metals.
- However, this product can also do essential harm as interferes with assimilation useful and vital for mother and the child of elements, and his negative impact, not so essential to adult and healthy people, can influence development of a fruit very considerably.
Therefore, it is unambiguously possible to tell that consumption of soy meat during planning of pregnancy, its courses and feeding it is necessary to limit to a breast at least strongly, and whenever possible at all to exclude this product from a diet.
We advise to read about the vitamins necessary for pregnant women and the feeding mothers.
At weight loss
When cooking the caloric content of a product decreases due to water addition (from 300 to about 100 kcal on 100 g) that allows to use it within a diet. Also the product digestible also provides saturation and lack of feeling of hunger even at modest portions.
Ration
If you do not use meat and meat products at all, you should not refuse flatly soy — it is protein-rich. It is also possible to eat it instead of meat from time to time, it will lower load of a GIT, having created a certain unloading period.
Pay attention that the lecithin which is in soy well influences on: the vascular system — dissolving harmful cholesterol and reducing its level, risks of developing of atherosclerosis and heart attack decrease; diabetes warns
Optimum daily consumption of a product should not exceed an equivalent in 100 g.
You should not use soy meat or similar products as the main source of protein, for this purpose bean cultures will approach better.
Storage
In the dry and packed look the product can be stored about one year (just on the shelf, low temperature is not required), in the form of a ready dish — up to three days in the fridge. To prolong an expiration date, the product can be frozen (only once), it will not affect taste.
Whether you know? Do substitutes of many products habitual to us of soy. So, except soy meat, soy milk, oil and cottage cheese exists and is in demand.
As well as each product eaten soy meat has the pluses and minuses. If you belong to risk group to which representatives soy is not recommended, really it is worth refraining from it. If is not present — eat on health, the main thing — know when to stop.