Vitamin T not very famous for general public. Athletes, followers of a healthy lifestyle, persons interested to lose weight and, certainly, to experts know of it. This substance is not vitamin B traditional understanding as it can be developed by a human body, unlike all of the known vitamins, necessary for health and received from the external environment.
Other names of this vitaminoobrazny substance — a carnitine, vitamin O (B11, W). Most of those who know of it consider it as a zhiroszhigatel. But whether it is worth being limited to knowledge of so specific properties when this remarkable element has rather broad action and can be useful in bigger quantity of cases?
Characteristics and properties
Vitamin T, or carnitine, is characterized as vitaminopodobny nutrient — necessary for life and functioning of an organism substance. These substances participate in the structure of the cells and fabrics, they are required for effective work of systems and fabrics and for their support during rest.
About it speak as about replaceable amino acid which is produced by a mammal organism from two irreplaceable amino acids: methionine and lysine and also vitamin C, vitamins of group B, enzymes and iron.
Learn more about advantage of vitamins of group B: B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B10, B13, B14, B15, B17.
If any substance lacks, production of a carnitine is broken that is fraught with violations of work of an organism.
Whether you know? A number of a carnitine is present already at the impregnated ovum. This "battery" is delivered there by the spermatozoon which impregnated it. This small stock gives to embryo cages the chance to begin to develop own energy.
In turn, the carnitine is divided into two groups: The L-carnitine, or a left carnitine, and a D-carnitine which is made artificially which on the relation to each other are antagonists and have opposite action. From the chemical point of view the carnitine is characterized as white, well soluble powder in water.
Vitamin T in kidneys and a liver is produced and from there it is distributed to bodies which need it. For obtaining energy it is required to deliver fatty acid in a mitochondrion of cages which develop energy.
By means of vitamin T, fatty acids have an opportunity to get through a membrane, it plays for them transport role.
"Delivering" the necessary components to places of their processing, the carnitine promotes energy production and burning of deposits of not used fat layer.
Discovered vitamin T at the beginning of the 20th century, having emitted it from muscle tissue in honor of what vitamin received the name which is translated from Latin as "flesh" or "meat". This merit belongs to biochemists P.Z. Krimberg and V.S. Gulevich.
Only later quarter of the century began to study its chemical properties, structure, functions and value for an organism which, however, are up to the end not studied to this day.
Main functions and advantage
The carnitine, rather known in quality of a zhiroszhigatel, has a number of other functions about which it is useful to know for its effective use:
- Delivery of fatty acids through a cellular membrane to mitochondrions for production by an organism of energy which provides its existence and activity. Those acids which did not get such remarkable "transport" "are stored" under skin, forming excessive fat deposits which conduct to the excess weight and obesity that, in turn, negatively affects work of internals and an endocrine system.
- In cooperation with kidneys "carrier" vitamin T deletes from an organism oxidation products — slags, participating in antioxidant processes.
- Taking part in power generation, the carnitine promotes improvement of physical and intellectual capacities of the person, a raising of mood and increase in endurance and the general tone that became known thanks to the clinical trial conducted by the Italian scientists in 2007.
Learn as well about other vitamins for power generation.
- Thanks to activity of a carnitine resistance to stress of an organism and its ability to adapt to adverse conditions increases.
- Supporting the level of the substances removing toxins vitamin T is an indispensable participant of process of a detoxication of an organism.
- Along with process of combustion of unnecessary fat the carnitine promotes accumulation of muscle bulk. The mechanism of anabolic effect is up to the end not studied at present.
- Reducing cholesterol level in vessels, the carnitine carries out active prevention of heart attacks, strokes, atherosclerosis, ischemia, improves activity of a cardiac muscle.
- Renders assistance in decrease in hyperactive work of a thyroid gland.
- Promotes the correct work of digestive system.
- Positively influences growth and full development of a children's organism since the moment of conception.
- Has the all-strengthening effect of the immune system.
- Well influences men's reproductive function, is one of necessary components at treatment of infertility of men.
Reproductive function is favorably influenced by such products as a clustery asparagus, hawthorn fruits, a bee subpestilence, bear fat.
As a part of complex treatment vitamin T is used in medicine at:
- arterial hypertension (at elevated pressure);
- violation of exchange of protein;
- diabetes;
- violation of work of a liver;
- failures in work of the immune system.
The products containing vitamin T
The carnitine is made by kidneys and a liver of the person, at their normal functioning there should not be a lack of this substance. Besides independently made, the organism also receives a number of "foreign" vitamin T from food.
Whether you know? At human children, as well as at posterity of predatory mammals, maturing of a brain to a state when it is possible to stop breastfeeding, happens much quicker, than at cubs of herbivorous mammals.
Most of all it contains in meat food:
- mutton and lamb support him in the greatest numbers;
- in its goat meat is also available quite a lot;
- pork and beef and also their liver, concede to the above-stated products a little, however with success provide an organism with necessary quantity of a carnitine;
- bird's meat, rabbit flesh and fish is also able to deliver necessary amount of substance.
Whether you know? Vegetarian practicians, temporary and constant — not a so modern invention. Ancient religions applied them to treatment, improvement, killing of flesh, posts, refusal of violence and the other purposes. Data on vegetarianism are available in Old Indian, Ancient Greek sources. Christian ascetic practice of a post in which occurs, except other temporary refusal of animal products, is widely applied and today.
In smaller quantities vitamin T is available (in process of decrease) in:
- eggs;
- dairy products: cottage cheese, sour cream, cream, milk and so on;
- avocado;
- pumpkin and its seeds;
- sesame;
- yeast;
- the sprouted wheaten seeds.
Vegetable food incorporates not enough vitamin T, and animal products rich with it demand heat treatment at which the element interesting us collapses.
Proceeding from it vegetarians have to be attentive to the diet and enrich it with substances which they do not receive from food.
People who eat meat have more opportunities to resupply a carnitine, but also they can appear in a situation when its deficiency is observed.
Important! The people practicing vegetarianism need an additional source of a carnitine as from food which they consume it is impossible to receive its sufficient quantity.
On doctor's orders it is possible to take the L-carnitine drug providing the solution of problems with health or other purposes: weight loss, operating time of muscle bulk, treatment of infertility and other.
About daily requirement, surplus and a shortcoming
It is very difficult to achieve excess of this substance in an organism, its unclaimed surplus is removed in rather short time. Nevertheless at administration of drugs the overdose can happen, and it involves violation in a metabolism.
Learn about features of manifestation and what to do at hypovitaminosis and a gipervitaminoza.
At emergence of the corresponding symptoms it is necessary to see a doctor who will make correction and will make the recommendation about decrease in a dosage.
Whether you know? It was required to our ancestors who lived 50 centuries ago in day of only 12 thousand kilocalories for activity maintenance, the medieval person (XY a century) needed 26 thousand kilocalories. The person of the second half of the 19th century consumed 77 thousand kilocalories, and later one hundred more years, in the second half of the 20th century, the daily need for kilocalories made 230 thousand!
The lack of a carnitine has more serious manifestations and consequences. It can come because of irrational food, violation of work of any body or the system or a lack of the components necessary for its synthesis.
The person can test:
- constant apathy and fatigue;
- lack of forces and energy;
- decrease in working capacity;
- irritability;
- emergence of excess weight or its sharp loss;
- increase in pressure.
Depending on an occupation and physiological features the standard daily rate of vitamin T can be from 300 to 1500 milligrams, it is difficult to define because of insufficient degree of a research of this element more precisely.
Important! Average norm of satisfaction of the need of an organism for it 20 milligrams on each kilogram are considered.
- Small children of the first year of life need a daily dose of a carnitine from 10 to 30 mg.
- His 1-3-year-old kids need 30-60 mg.
- 4-6-year-old preschool children need in 60-100 mg of a carnitine a day.
- 100-300 mg of vitamin T are necessary to children of school age and teenagers.
- The adult of average parameters and requirements feels need in 200-500 mg of substance daily.
- The people who regularly have heavy physical loadings can need increase in this norm to 2000 mg.
- Growing thin and/or increasing the level of immunity from 1.5 to 3 thousand mg of substance are required. The same norm is suitable for athletes.
- To the people having diseases of infectious origin, pathology of kidneys, a liver, a cardiovascular system and also AIDS, the doctor appoints 1-1.5 thousand mg of a carnitine a day.
Application of a carnitine in sport
At sports of people has to watch that the organism was provided with due amount of vitamin T, only from food it is difficult to receive its sufficient quantity.
For this reason the athletes accept a carnitine in addition, as a part of sports food or biological additives.
Learn more about what role is played by vitamins B of life of athletes.
Before buying medicine of any producer, it is necessary to check its reputation, having consulted to professionals and also to specify a personal dosage at the sports doctor or the therapist.
Accept inside vitamin T before a training or directly during it, having dissolved substance in water and compensating an organism the liquid volume lost with then. The relevance in additional intake of substance in the form of medicine arises when it is required to increase endurance and firmness of the athlete.
Combining medicine with food, the athlete can achieve both decrease in body weight against the background of strengthening of muscles, and its increase due to growth of muscle bulk.
Whether you know? The carnitine combination to coffee or green tea will be strengthened considerably by its zhiroszhigatelny opportunities.
In combination with reasonable sports food the carnitine promotes achievement of the necessary results by the athlete, without being at the same time doping.
Vitamin T is necessary for obtaining energy by the person — the only source of life and activity of its organism. In order that his requirements were provided at the appropriate level, energy was developed in enough and not stored" for emergency which in this case very "pulls a pocket", it is necessary to be attentive to the organism, providing it not only food of the necessary caloric content, but also an opportunity it is correct to acquire it with the maximum advantage.