As B1 vitamin affects human health"

Vitamins are the major substances without which any body cannot normally function. All know that there are such vitamins which the organism is capable to generate independently, but it is not enough of them. A big part of vitamins can be received only from the outside therefore they have to come to a human body daily.

Description and general characteristic

Thiamine, or B1 vitamin is organic heterocyclic compound that represents water-soluble vitamin. Externally — the crystal substance which does not have color. Is responsible for carbohydrate, fat and proteinaceous exchange.

It is a little history

Studying various pathologies, the Netherlands doctor Christiaan Eikman assumed that in fabrics of rice there is a certain paralytic poison. But at the same time in rice bran there are a lot of useful substances. They were capable to cope with such illness as beriberi (lack of thiamine of an organism).

It suggested to the doctor an idea that the disease develops against the background of improper feeding. The American biochemist Kazimir Funk worked with Eykman over studying beriberi.

He could extract that useful substance from rice bran about which Christiaan spoke, and called it vitamin. Thanks to this scientist the world learned that it is it thiamine as it deciphered structure of B1 vitamin in 1936 and described its synthesis.

Characteristic and properties

We already said that thiamine is dissolved in water. At the same time it is steady at contact with alcohol. Breaks up during heating. Its molecule represents two rings connected among themselves by means of methylene communication.

Learn more about products rich in B2 vitamin, selenium and potassium.

What quality distinguishes this vitamin from others, so is that accumulation in a human body is not peculiar to thiamine. Therefore completion of stocks has to come from food. It would seem what can be simpler.

But because of the properties after preparation of vitaminous products its quantity sharply decreases, and even disappears. Means that the organism was daily provided with useful substance in necessary quantity, it is necessary to eat more crude products and to forget about some habits. So, the drunk morning cup of coffee completely neutralizes the norms of B1 vitamin received at breakfast.

Than vitamin is useful: main functions and advantage

As it was told above, thiamine is responsible for carbohydrate, proteinaceous and fat exchanges in a human body. Also he is responsible for carrying out nervous excitement, thereby controlling work of a brain, improves memory, attention, stimulates thought processes, many other things are responsible for appetite, aging processes, growth and development of muscular and bone fabrics, and.

Important! The greatest need for thiamine is felt by children during active growth, especially fans of sweets and farinaceous food.

Now we will consider in more detail for what the organism needs B1 vitamin.

To babies and children of advanced age

For babies and children thiamine is more senior it is important as he participates in development of the central nervous system and formation of a skeleton. Supports work of digestive tract and heart. In addition, it improves memory, attention, cogitative activity that is so necessary when the child goes to a garden and to school.

To men

In a male body thiamine answers for:

• carbohydrate exchange in a brain;
• combats the acids affecting fatigue;
• production of nonsaturated fatty acids;
• decrease in inflammatory process of an integument;
• normal work of mucous;
• transfer of genetic material during cell fission;
• decrease in action on an organism of tobacco and alcohol;
• strengthening of immunity;
• operability of systems of bodies;
• condition of nervous system.

Whether you know? In 1946 in the Soviet Union for the first time in the synthetic way received B1 vitamin. The ordinary laboratorian M.I. Koroleva synthesized it.

To women

Advantage of B1 vitamin for women is as follows:

• improves growth of hair due to blood circulation improvement;
• is sedative;
• slows down age changes of skin;
• is responsible for carbohydrate exchange in a brain;
• combats the acids affecting fatigue;
• produces nonsaturated fatty acids;
• reduces inflammatory process of an integument;
• ensures normal functioning of mucous;
• is responsible for transfer of genetic material during cell fission;
• strengthens immunity;
• improves operability of systems of bodies and a condition of nervous system.

Important! Most we will feel a lack of B1 vitamin as women is more senior than fifty.

Food with thiamine

The list of vitaminous products is provided in the table.

Daily requirement and norm

The need of an organism for B1 vitamin changes with age.

Children

Most of all children of awkward age need thiamine. Babies about half a year need 0.2 mg. From seven months to a year — 0.3 mg. At the age of 1-3 years — 0.5 mg, 4-8 years — 0.6 mg. And from 9 to 13 years — 0.9 mg.

Men

Women

For pregnant women and feeding these indicators increase by 0.4 mg and by 0.6 mg respectively.

Whether you know? In 1929 for the researches which promoted discovery of vitamins Eykman got the Nobel Prize.

Deficiency and surplus

As a rule, the deficiency of any useful substance in an organism leads to serious violations of its activity. But also the surplus cannot completely pass too.

Shortage

The shortage of thiamine in an organism is followed by such symptoms:

• the increased fatigue;
• excessive irritability;
• depression;
• full or partial insomnia;
• deterioration in ability to remember something;
• feeling of cold or heat in extremities;
• diarrhea/lock;
• nausea;
• feelings of pain in the head;
• weakness in muscles;
• problems with coordination;
• pain in calves;
• short wind, even at weak loading;
• sudden loss of weight;
• puffiness of extremities;
• pressure decrease;
• decrease in a pain threshold.

Can lead to avitaminosis:

• constant consumption of coffee;
• consumption of products poor in rough cellulose (the cleaned cereals and everything that from them is prepared);
• excessive abuse of flour products;
• consumption of products after long heat treatment;
• introduction to a regular diet of tinned vegetables and fruit;
• the increased perspiration;
• chronic infectious diseases;
• pregnancy on late terms.

If throughout a long time (more than a year) the bodies received less necessary amount of thiamine, then it can lead to serious changes.

At detection of the first symptoms of avitaminosis it is necessary to revise the menu and to bring in it as much as possible vitaminous products.

If noticed serious deviations — immediately go to consultation to the doctor. He will register medicines and, perhaps, will appoint a course of injections of thiamine.

Important! When receiving thiamine through injections allergic manifestations (small tortoiseshell, anaphylactic shock) are possible.

Surplus

Gipervitaminoz can be observed by B1 only in cases of its introduction to an organism in the injection way. Its surplus can break balance of other vitamins and minerals, for example, of B2, B3 vitamin, copper.

If at you skin, too sensitive to sunlight, then after suntan in an organism at once arises excess of thiamine and the shortage of B6.

Interaction with other substances

• Active interaction with B9 and B12 vitamins is noted that leads to synthesis of the amino acid which is responsible for neutralization of toxins.
• Injection introduction of B1 together with B6 and B12 will provoke allergic reaction to B1. It will be strengthened by B6 and B12.
• Accepting B1 together with vitamin C, we protect thiamine from premature decomposition.
• Together with magnesium at B1 there comes the active phase thanks to what it becomes the main catalyst in an organism.
• Salt, black tea, coffee, tobacco, alcohol, some antibiotics and antitubercular medicines are pernicious for thiamine.

Dosage forms of B1 vitamin

B1 vitamin is produced in tablets and solutions for injections.

There are such dosages (versions) of substance:

• tablets of 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg (thiamine chloride);
• tablets of 2.58 mg, 6.45 mg, 12.9 mg (thiamine bromide);
• the tablets of 100 mg covered with a cover (thiamine chloride);
• capsules of 100 mg.

Possible harm and side effects

B1 vitamin is transferred normally. The morbidity of a prick is connected with a low pH value (rn) of injection solution. There can be allergic reactions, especially at intravenous pricks. Most often they appear at female persons in the period of a climax and at alcoholics.

The medicinal intolerance of thiamine is characteristic of some people, so, its reception in a medicamentous form is categorically contraindicated. Long intake of thiamine by an injection in high doses can cause violation of fermental ability of a liver, change in work of kidneys.

B1 vitamin is the integral component of our organism. In time the noticed first signs of its shortage will allow to save themselves from emergence of serious problems with health.