biochemical blood test along with other values a special role is played by triglycerides — these substances are a source of vital energy of the person and influence a cardiovascular system. It is characteristic that at excess of norm the external symptoms are not observed, but, nevertheless, the risk of diseases of heart and arteries increases; often at the same time atherosclerosis develops. To warn an illness, rather constantly to control a lipidic profile in vessels. Further in article we will tell what is triglycerides, what reasons of their increase in blood and why it matters for health.
General characteristic and value
Triglycerides call organic compounds which are formed in interaction of carbonic acids and glycerin. These fats are available in structure of each living organism. They provide it with energy and also serve as the main construction material of cellular membranes. Formation of such useful components requires healthy nutrition as formation of triglycerides has indissoluble communication with the proteins and carbohydrates coming to blood.
At the time the European chemists found out that these fats are practically not dissolved in water, but at the same time are sensitive to ethanol. In the course of their education, saturated alkane and nonsaturated alkyne acids take part. Besides, formation of triglycerides is impossible without linoleic, linolenic and arachidonic acids.
Whether you know? Blood in arteries of the person moves with a speed of 1.8 km/h, and in veins stops to half a kilometer an hour a little.
Chemical and physical qualities of the received fats and also their quantity depends on age, sex and activity of the person. Physicians note that the norm for a female body significantly differs from men's. Besides these indicators, irrespective of a floor, become higher than every 5 years.
It is important to know value and a role of minerals in a human body.
What is triglycerides in biochemical blood test and why it is necessary to control their level, know those who already faced diseases of a digestive tract, liver, vessels and hearts. In particular, the raised indicators are fixed at the people suffering:
- coronary heart disease;
- hypertension;
- heart attack;
- atherosclerosis;
- thrombosis;
- renal failure;
- obesity;
- viral hepatitis;
- cirrhosis;
- gout;
- Down syndrome;
- anorexia;
- alcoholism;
- diabetes;
- sharp chronic pancreatitis.
Whether you know? In glacial waters near coast of Antarctic there live fishes with colourless blood. It means that in its structure there are no hemoglobin and erythrocytes. For this reason fishes comfortably feel at subzero temperatures.
How to define an indicator
Triglycerides, as well as cholesterol, represent fat fraction and get to an organism together with food. For this reason these two different indicators often confuse.
Experts accurately see between them a difference. For example, triglycerides never accumulate on walls of vessels and do not form plaques. Generalizing, one may say, that it is the same fat substances deprived of cholesterol.
Learn for what such vitamins as selenium, methionine, bioflavonoids, lipoic acid, fillokhinon, cholecalciferol, pangamovy acid, metoksantin, orotovy acid, cyanocobalamine, a left carnitine are necessary.
To learn the level of triglycerides in blood, it is necessary to make the test on blood plasma biochemistry. It becomes in the morning on an empty stomach provided that the last meal was not less than 9 (better 12) hours back. It is characteristic that this indicator very unstable therefore physicians advise for obtaining more exact information to repeat a research after a while.
Norms of triglycerides for men and women on age
Men and women of one age can have no identical indicator of triglycerides. It is influenced by age changes in an organism.
Whether you know? Daily heart of the person overtakes about 10 thousand liters of blood.
So, we will consider the table with the given norms of triglycerides (mmol/l) at healthy men and women on age below:
|
Age |
Men |
Women |
|
up to 10 years |
0.34 — 1.13 |
0.40 — 1.24 |
|
10 — 15 years |
0.36 — 1.41 |
0.42 — 1.48 |
|
15 — 20 years |
0.45 — 1.81 |
0.40 — 1.53 |
|
20 — 25 years |
0.50 — 2.27 |
0.41 — 1.48 |
|
25 — 30 years |
0.52 — 2.81 |
0.42 — 1.63 |
|
30 — 35 years |
0.56 — 3.01 |
0.44 — 1.70 |
|
35 — 40 years |
0.61 — 3.62 |
0.45 — 1.99 |
|
40 — 45 years |
0.62 — 3.61 |
0.51 — 2.16 |
|
45 — 50 years |
0.65 — 3.70 |
0.52 — 2.42 |
|
50 — 55 years |
0.65 — 3.61 |
0.59 — 2.63 |
|
55 — 60 years |
0.65 — 3.23 |
0.62 — 2.96 |
|
60 — 65 years |
0.65 — 3.29 |
0.63 — 2.70 |
|
65 — 70 years are also more senior |
0.62 — 2.94 |
0.68 — 2.71 |
As you can see, in a healthy organism this indicator has to be within 1.5 mmol/l. If it approached 2 units, it does not speak about a disease yet, but is a serious occasion to think about the prime causes.
Decrease and increase in level
Not for nothing say that a sound mind in a sound body. And here for maintenance of the correct work of all bodies and the systems of a human body it is necessary to take care not only of the balanced daily diet and moderate physical occupations. In a case with lipidic exchange the medicamentous background and genes matter.
It is important know what can will turn back gipervitaminoz and whether it is worth being afraid of avitaminosis.
Are raised
When triglycerides are raised, the person feels discomfort because of the arterial blood pressure jumping without the reasons, unstable level of sugar in blood and even insulin resistance. In a complex this symptomatology is reflected in the general condition of the patient, his blood becomes knitting that in the turn conducts to a number of problems.
Physicians explain deterioration in health of the person with the raised triglycerides with a chain of difficult physical and chemical reactions that occur in his vessels: because of dense blood plasma the blood-groove is broken and cages receive less oxygen. As a result the vital activity decreases, the slackness and fatigue appears.
Whether you know? Japan sacredly believes that the blood type affects features of character of the person. Moreover, in some large Japanese companies this factor can influence the decision on employment. And improper blood quite motivates refusal.
The similar clinical picture can demonstrate development of the following diseases:
- hypertension;
- myocardial infarction;
- heart ischemia;
- atherosclerosis;
- chronic renal failure;
- thrombosis of vessels (in a brain);
- viral hepatitis;
- cirrhosis;
- diabetes;
- obesity;
- sharp and chronic forms of pancreatitis;
- talassemiya;
- giperkaltsemiya;
- alcoholism.
The reasons of excess of norm experts call uncontrollable reception of hormonal contraceptive tablets and also corticosteroids, androgens, immunodepressants and medicines which stimulate sexual activity. Often triglycerides there is more acceptable level and at pregnant women, at people who accept medicines for pressure decrease. To the same result lead also improper feeding, a passive life, lack of physical activities.
Important! To violation of lipidic exchange in blood the genetic predisposition, overconsumption can also bring into food of animal fats, absence in a diet an omega acids and frequent stresses.
Are lowered
If triglycerides are lowered, it means that at the person the risk of development of chronic diseases of lungs, a stroke, renal failure, a myasthenia, gipertireoz increases. The shortage of fat substances in blood can be caused by low-quality food, the frequent hunger strikes, excessive physical activities, uncontrollable intake of ascorbic acid which were traumatized, burns. Take in attention that oncological new growths, a depression and small appetite also can lead to the low level of this indicator.
What to do at increase
When results of biochemical blood test testified excess of norm of triglycerides, it is necessary to begin treatment immediately. As the neglected process of lipidic exchange can debalance your organism completely.
It is important to know norm, value and a role of minerals in a human body: calcium, magnesium, manganese, zinc, iodine, selenium, chrome.
The doctor has to appoint treatment. It comes down to correction of a daily diet and intake of medicines.
Use of products
All principles of correction of food come down to restriction of high-calorific products, total rejection of alcohol, sweets and the refined products.
Important! At mature age and at the excess weight only one diet will have weak effect on patients. Therefore in such cases it is necessary to resort to drug treatment.
In the menu of the person who seeks to normalize the level of triglyceride and cholesterol there should not be pastries from white flour, smoked products, fat, sausages, bacon and fat dishes. On the contrary, preference should be given to a trout, a tuna, a salmon, mackerels which are a source an omega acids and also bean. Do not overeat, eat in the small portions — better for a thicket gradually, than it is a lot of for time.
Use of pharmaceutical medicines
Having learned that at you in plasma of blood triglycerides are raised, do not fall in despair, and especially understanding, what does it mean. A number of drugs will help to cope with this blow to an organism. But do not resort to self-treatment at all. The qualified specialist has to make the decision on expediency of concrete medicines.
Learn what vitamins are necessary for growth of children, a male body, to women at a climax, for pregnant women, the feeding mothers.
Often in a medicamentous arsenal at the increased level of triglycerides use:
- fibrata — represent organic compounds with amfipatichesky effect;
- niatsin — influences lipidic exchange, thanks to oppression of the processes which are responsible for development of lipoproteins;
- the omega-3 — represents the gelatinized capsules with cod-liver oil;
- statins — are presented by the medicines "Lovastatin", "Simvastatin", "Fluvastatin" and others that are intended for fight against cholesterol.
Important! At the low level of triglycerides it is necessary to drink daily not less than 2 liters of water and is as little as possible heavy greasy food.
What to do at decrease
It is possible to normalize lipidic exchange in an organism radio iodic, medicamentous therapy, or surgical intervention. Each of ways can supplement each other. But before passing to global techniques, doctors recommend to remove the cause of failure. Often it is in improper feeding and a day regimen.
Products and way of life
To normalize work of a digestive tract and to restore processes of a metabolism, it is required to resort to frequent receptions of food in the small portions. At the same time in a diet there should not be products which cause in you intestinal frustration and a diarrhea (kefir, fermented baked milk, sour-milk cheeses, cereal cultures). Instead of them it is necessary to include products as a part of which a minimum of fats and a maximum of carbohydrates in the menu. Also salutary effect will be had on metabolic processes by nutritional supplements with iron, magnesium, calcium, Retinolum and tocopherol.
It is important to know norm, value and a role of vitamins A, B1, B2, B5, B6, B9, B12, C, E, D, N, K, PP, U in a human body.
Concerning correction of a day regimen, it is required to register in fitness club or gym. Besides active physical activities, bathing procedures will not prevent.
Medicines
Decrease in level of lipids can be regarded safely as a result of a number of diseases. For this reason medicamentous therapy follows from the prime cause of developing of pathology.
Whether you know? All blood vessels and arteries of the person if they were put in one straight line, are equated on length to 100 thousand kilometers. Such ball quite would be enough twice to wind the globe.
If the deficiency of triglycerides was provoked by diseases of respiratory organs, then it makes sense to take the bronchodilatory drugs. Also the m-holinolitiki, methylxanthines, antagonists are appointed.
When the problem is caused by bad food, it is necessary to raise appetite and to remove the cause for which it decreased. It can be protivogelmintny powders, suspensions or sedative medicines.
At dysfunction of a thyroid gland it is possible to try to solve a problem with the help of capsules of radioactive iodine. Vitamin complexes are also expedient.
Prevention
If to begin to care for itself, without waiting for emergence of any problems with health, it is possible to protect himself from similar therapy easily. For this purpose it is necessary:
- to get rid of addictions (to forget about cigarettes and alcohol);
- to adhere to a healthy lifestyle (to play sports);
- to eat properly;
- to drink a lot of water;
- in general to refuse sweets, flour products, rich pastries (it is better to replace desserts with fruit);
- to create to itself the rule — twice a week to eat seafood and a salmon;
- to limit consumption of animal protein, preferring vegetable (cheese, bean, haricot, soy);
- to cook healthy food in an oven and on couple;
- to fill salads only with high-quality olive oil.
Whether you know? The most rare blood type is IV. It meets only at 7 percent of the population of our planet.
You love yourself and you do not bring the organism to critical condition when doctors have to resort to radical treatment. Remember that for normalization of lipidic level first of all it is necessary to find the cause of failure and to eliminate it. Of course, if you are able to overcome yourself and will follow the above-stated advice, then for a long time will not know what is atherosclerosis, a heart attack, a stroke and diabetes.