Copper participates in the majority of the most important processes of an organism, including, in the course of blood formation, growth and development of cages and fabrics, creation of proteins. Without it not only normal functioning of the person, but also his healthy appearance is impossible. Let's learn more about this element: what its daily the needs and norm for an organism what products contain it, and what consequences of its deficiency or a surplus.
Description and characteristic
Copper — chemical element which alphabetic reference — Cu — resembles from the word Cuprum (the name in Latin of the island of Cyprus rich with deposits of this metal).
The element enters the seven of the metals familiar to people from antiquity, and is widely used and now. Externally looks as substance golden-pink or pink (without oxidic film) colors. And much more meets in nature in the form of nuggets more often, than iron, silver and gold.
Metal is necessary substance for all highest animal and flora. To blood it is transferred mainly by protein ceruloplasmin. Further it is acquired by intestines and by means of albumine it is transferred to a liver.
Important! Without the sufficient volume of copper in an organism the problem with transformation of iron into hemoglobin appears. For this reason at the insufficient maintenance of this element the anemia, as a rule, is observed.
Functions and role in an organism
The main functions of this element in a human body:
- it is irreplaceable in blood formation, involved in synthesis of erythrocytes and leukocytes;
- is responsible for exchange of iron and formation of hemoglobin in an organism;
- the elasticity and durability of blood vessels depends on it;
- participates in functioning of endocrine and sexual systems;
- is one of the main components of a proteinaceous framework of bones;
- it is obligatory for collagen synthesis, i.e. the elasticity of skin depends on it;
- provides cages with oxygen, tyrosine on which pigmentation of an integument and a hair depends activates amino acid;
- increases protective forces of an organism, promotes destruction of infections, suppresses free radicals.
Learn in what products to contain and than are useful to a human body such macro - and micro elements as magnesium, zinc, chlorine, silicon, iodine, germany, iron, selenium, potassium, manganese, kolbat and a pine forest.
What contains copper: products sources
This microcell contains in a set of products and of people in it receives the main part of daily need from food. The rest — through integuments and from water. It is necessary to consider that this substance is acquired from products for 10-25%.
Vegetable
This microcell contains in the following food of plant origin:
- all grain and porridges;
- whole grain, flour and products from flour;
- potatoes, carrots, corn;
- fruit: apricots, pears, bananas, grapes, pineapple;
- dried fruits: raisin, dates, prunes;
- berries: cherry, raspberry, strawberry, blackcurrant, gooseberry, cranberry, dogrose;
- filbert, sunflower seeds, cocoa beans;
- peas, haricot, beans;
- fennel, spinach.
Animals
The element contains also in food of animal origin:
- fish and products of the sea;
- all types of meat and bird;
- offal: liver, kidneys.
By the way, seafood — shrimps, oysters and all Crustacea have the maximum concentration of this substance among all food.
Daily requirement and norms
Normal content of copper in a human body — 100-200 mg. The most part of this quantity is in a liver, and other is dispersed in blood, bones, kidneys, muscles, heart and a brain.
Whether you know? Scientists from Poland found out that in ponds or lakes with the increased copper content the carps grow to the record sizes. And here in reservoirs where it is absent, the fishes suffer because of quickly developing fungus.
For adults
For normal activity the adult needs 1-2.5 mg of copper a day. For the people experiencing strong physical activities, having low immunity or anemia, abusing alcoholic drinks, the day dose has to be increased.
For example, the recommended dose for professional athletes — 2.5-3 mg/days. The maximum allowed amount of this substance coming to an adult organism — 5 mg a day.
For children
The daily dose of an element necessary for a children's organism, directly depends on age of the child:
- from one to three years — 1 mg;
- from four to six years — 1.5 mg;
- from seven to twelve years — 1.5 - 2 mg;
- from twelve to eighteen — 2.5 mg.
For pregnant women
For pregnant women or the nursing women the usual dose of this element for an adult organism has to be increased and equal 2-2.5 mg a day.
Deficiency and surplus: reasons and symptoms
Both the surplus, and a lack of this element of an organism have negative effect on health of the person and state of his health. Therefore, as well as any other important microcell, copper has to be present at an organism in the required quantity and be filled constantly to norm.
Shortage
The deficiency of a microcell is caused by several reasons: its insufficient receipt together with food, long reception of glucocorticoids, nonsteroid anti-inflammatory and antimicrobic medicines, antatsid and considerable doses of zinc.
Besides, it meets at intravenous food, problems with exchange processes and digestive tract diseases.
The main manifestations of the fact that in an organism there is a low maintenance of this microcell:
- malfunction of blood formation, anemia;
- ischemic disease, aneurysms, kardiopatiya;
- high probability of bronchial asthma, dermatosis;
- leykopeniye, neytropeniye, arrhythmia;
- high level of cholesterol;
- irregular female cycle, infertility;
- fast fatigue and decrease in immunity;
- hair loss and premature posedeniye;
- rash, unhealthy pigmentation of integuments, vitiligo;
- disease of bones — osteoporosis;
- violation of fat exchange — obesity, diabetes.
Important! Copper participates in synthesis of so-called hormone of happiness — endorphin. Depends on it how joyful and the view of the person of the world will be happy.
Overdose and harm
The surplus of a microcell, as a rule, is caused by its excessive reception in the form of medicines or violation of exchange of an element in an organism. Besides, such cases were noted at the long use of the polluted water or drinks from copper tanks, and at workers of productions on which copper is used.
The excess of this substance threatens with serious indispositions:
- weakness and painful symptoms in muscles, a headache;
- irritation of mucous surfaces, conjunctivitis;
- diseases of the inflammatory nature;
- violations of work of digestive tract;
- bronchial asthma;
- diseases of a liver and kidneys;
- dermatosis, neurodermatitises, eczemas;
- developing of atherosclerosis is possible;
- the excessive volume of copper in a liver can lead to cirrhosis;
- problems with a dream and memory, apathy, irritability.
Besides, steam inhalation of metal leads to the increased temperature, a fever, the increased perspiration and spasms in calves of legs.
Medicines with copper
At a number of cardiovascular diseases, diseases of bones, joints, digestive organs, an endocrine system and others and also at the insufficient volume of copper in an organism, separate reception of this element is appointed. It can be accepted in the form of the medicine consisting of copper asparaginate.
Copper sulfate (copper vitriol) is used as knitting both antiseptic at conjunctivitis and inflammations of skin. In addition, it is included in structure of many polyvitaminic complexes. Copper citrate (copper limonnokisly) is produced as eye ointment and is appointed at trachoma and conjunctivitis.
Interaction with other substances
- Ionic forms of zinc and magnesium compete with copper when passing through ion channels of cages. It can be avoided if to accept these minerals as a part of complex medicines.
- Availability of molybdenum leads to increase in loss of this microcell with urine.
- Cobalt accelerates exchange of this substance in an organism.
- Iron, fitata and the raised doses of vitamin C worsen assimilation of a microcell from food.
- Excess consumption of fructose causes deficiency of copper.
- The yolk of egg connects an element in intestines and does not allow it to be acquired fully.
- Alcoholic beverages result in the shortage of this element.
- Copper, in turn, reduces assimilation level a human body of zinc, molybdenum, iron, cobalt and vitamin A.
Whether you know? In the ancient time in Russia the smiths girded with a copper wire not to have sciatica. And the patient with fever was treated water in which there was a copper nickel made red-hot before.
Contraindications and precautionary measures
If you noticed at yourself signs of deficiency of copper, then without medical prescription you should not accept it in addition as it can break mineral balance of an organism. The same concerns also a surplus of this element. As well as any microcell in a human body, copper has to be present at it in strictly certain quantity which depends on age and a condition of an organism. Your task is not to forget to include the food rich with this microcell in the diet. And at emergence of any suspicions — to ask for the help experts.