Pchelomatka – the hostess of beehive. She moves hardly, constantly is in environment of workers of bee who provide it with food. The queen bee always in beehive also takes off only when swarming or during pairing.
Characteristic
It is easy for Pchelomatk to distinguish from other bees by the size. It is about 1.5-2 times larger, reaches in length of 2-2.5 cm. The weight of virgin individual is 170-220 mg, fetal - 180-330 mg.
The queen bee is characterized by the extended body, paunch at it torpedo-shaped form, it considerably supports wings. After use of sting the uterus does not perish (unlike other bees).
Types
Differ with Pchelomatki depending on way of removal
Uterus of silent change
Bring them in the following cases:
- if change of uterus has been specially provided;
- if the existing uterus too old;
- if the former pchelomatka has been damaged.
Change is made so. The queen bee lays 1-2 eggs in the pans which by the form are not differing from royevy. The family continues to live regularly.
In 16 days from matochnik the new individual appears, she kills old pchelomatka. Some species of bees change uterus every year, others do it very seldom.
Svishchevy pchelomatka
Svishchev pchelomatok are brought if previous has been damaged or became old. Bees in that case can stop work, publish noise.
Working insects place eggs in matochnik. From there bees 1-2 suitable individuals release. The strongest kills another and those who remained in matochnik.
Royevy queen bees
Pchelomatka lays eggs, then from them larvae are grown up. One young female changes old, and the second departs in search of new housing together with part of drones, young bees.
Conclusion pchelomatok
Pchelomatok remove in two ways: natural and artificial. In the first case conclusion is carried out in beehive. Bees construct matochnik where eggs are laid. From it there is larva which working insects provide with uterine milk.
Artificial conclusion assumes use of two technologies. The first provides the following stages:
- Removal of pchelomatka and open rasplod, in beehive there are only svezheotlozhenny eggs and larvae.
- Cutting of hundreds from below that from eggs the individuals capable to reproduction have hatched.
- Placement of matochnik in beehives, return of pchelomatka to beehive.
Other technology includes transfer of larvae in the wax sacks, individuals are provided with uterine milk.
For conclusion pchelomatok choose the strongest pchelosem. Control process of fertilization of female. Support optimal conditions (temperature of 32 wasps, humidity of 75-90%). That fertilizing was full, matochnik have to be distributed evenly.
Development stages
Pchelomatka develops in several stages:
1-2 day - eggs are laid;
3-7 day - appear larva and begins to eat uterine milk;
8-12 day - larva strongly eat, there are processes of preparation of transformation into doll;
13-16 day - larva are in condition of doll;
17 day - from doll appear pchelomatka.
5 more days later there comes the pairing period. Pchelomatka takes off from beehive together with drones. She copulates minimum with seven males, after pairing the drones perish. 2-4 days later the pchelomatka begins to lay eggs.