All elements of heating services of country house have to work well-coordinated and is effective, completely carrying out the assignment. Also such simple device as bypass is not in this plan exception. In heating one-pipe system such constructional knots are used very often. And their installation, certainly, has to be carried out in due form.
Actually bypass is called the tube section included in system parallel to the main highway and providing in case of need heat carrier current bypassing any site of contour. Such knots are mounted usually at installation of various important devices of heating system.
Why the bypass is necessary
Most often knots of this type are used in heating one-pipe systems at insert of radiators. In such schemes of the battery are connected to highways consistently. Respectively, in case of failure any of radiators all system in general stops the work.
To avoid similar problems, when mounting one-pipe systems of heating and bypass is used. At their availability the failed radiator can be disconnected at any time, having started up water on the main contour bypassing it.
In addition, bypass allows to regulate current of the heat carrier and through sections of the radiator. And it in turn gives the chance of control of heating of batteries and consequently, and adjustments of microclimate in the specific room of the house.
Bypass and in two-pipe heating services is used. But in such schemes they are usually applied only at installation of circulating pumps. In this case roundabout knots are necessary generally only to provide free draining of the heat carrier in need of its replacement.
Construction features
Types of the bypass knots intended for providing roundabout current of the heat carrier it can be used a little. In heating services bypass crossing points are applied:
- unregulated;
- adjustable;
- with the system of automatic equipment.
Unregulated roundabout knot represent the tube section which is simply included in the scheme. On adjustable bypass cranes in addition are installed. Such design of knot also allows to regulate heating of radiators.
When using bypass of the third version the direction of current of the heat carrier in heating services can automatically change at pressure fluctuations in highways. For this purpose the design of roundabout knot just turns on the valve.
General rules of mounting of bypass
Insert of knots of this type in heating services has to be made, of course, with exact respect for all put technologies. Mount bypass taking into account the following rules:
- the tube section with diameter on the size smaller diameter of the main highway has to be used under roundabout knot;
- in welding points in bypass there should not be perforation;
- threaded connections should not be scrolled;
- in multifamily houses the installation of the crane on bypass is forbidden.
In owner-occupied dwellings it is allowed to make insert of the locking controlling armature directly in bypass crossing point. However in this case it is recommended to use nevertheless not ball valves, but needle. Armature of such design allow to perform much more exact tuning of current of the heat carrier.
Features of mounting at installation of batteries
Radiators can crash into heating services both on vertical, and on horizontal bypass. In both of these cases the mounting is made, of course, with observance of certain rules.
At vertical insert the bypass should try to be established as it is possible closer to the battery and is farther from strut. No shut-off and control valves on the site between vertical crossing point and strut should be. All necessary equipment in this case is mounted between roundabout knot and radiator.
Most often the binding of batteries on bypass in the vertical scheme is made in rupture of strut. But if necessary it is possible to install the battery and on withdrawal of the same diameter, as strut. At horizontal connections the bringing pieces have to be used it is one size less than bypass.
Assembly of roundabout knot at installation of radiator
Actually bypass when mounting batteries can be made, for example, with use:
- piece of polypropylene pipe;
- two cranes and T-couplers;
- two couplings;
- two short pipes branches.
Tube section length for roundabout knot, of course, should be selected taking into account distance between the outputs of the connected heating equipment.
Assembly of bypass in the following order is made:
- cranes are fastened to couplings;
- branches are welded on couplings on the other hand by means of the iron;
- on each branch it is welded on the T-coupler;
- the main pipe of bypass is welded on the horizontal outputs of T-couplers.
Roundabout knots from pipes of other version gather approximately according to the same scheme with use of threaded connections and linen thread or welding.
At insert of radiator to the extreme outputs of T-couplers of bypass in the subsequent it is connected the taking-away and bringing pipes of strut or the lower highway. The battery turns on in system via cranes.
Rules of installation when mounting the pump
Circulating pumps most often crash into heating services on bypass. It provides possibility of their fast repair and replacement in the subsequent. In one-pipe schemes use of bypass at installation of the pump does possible free natural current of the heat carrier in case of blackout.
Mount bypass at installation of the pump with observance of the following rules:
- have roundabout node approximately in meter from boiler;
- insert is made in the taking-away highway;
- when mounting the bypass is leveled and centered on pipe;
Turn on the pump in such scheme taking into account the provision of the arrow applied on the body specifying the direction of current of the heat carrier.
Mounting of the pump on bypass
For circulating pump bypass the knot gathers approximately on the same technology, as for radiator. However cranes joins in the scheme of such bypass not two, but three. Also in this case two corner fittings are in addition used.
Assembly of bypass is made for the pump according to such scheme:
- couplings are fastened to pump outlets;
- the filter joins one of couplings;
- on the output of the filter and the opposite coupling corner fittings are wound;
- cranes are fastened to fitting;
- short layers join cranes;
- T-couplers are connected to layers.
In the subsequent between T-couplers the main part of bypass collected from two tube sections and the crane is established. Further the bypass crossing point with the pump crashes actually to the taking-away highway of heating services near boiler.
Use in the systems "heat-insulated floors"
Thus, most often bypass in heating services is used at installation of radiators and circulating pumps. But of course, it is not the only way of use of similar devices.
For example, bypass is often used at assembly of the modern systems "heat-insulated floors". In this case they are elements of knot of adjustment of temperature of the heat carrier in pipelines.
It is known that too hot water in the systems "heat-insulated floors" should not be. Otherwise on floor in rooms will go just uncomfortablly. Therefore to the hot heat carrier of giving in "heat-insulated floors" the cooled-down water from obratka is usually mixed. The special mixing valves mounted on giving are responsible for this process in most cases. The bypass from obratka is also brought to them on the one hand.
Also roundabout nodes in the systems "heat-insulated floors" usually are established between entrance and output parts of the collector. In this case their basic purpose is prevention of the hydroblows arising because of pressure fluctuation at operation of automatic equipment of contours. The simplest bypass from T-couplers and tube section is used in combs usually.