It is impossible to call cultivation of grapevine easy and simple occupation. Though the experience can be accumulated only over the years, experienced wine-growers can answer some questions.
Early spring
Purchase and landing of new grades and saplings is characteristic of early spring. But it is better not to buy grapes saplings in the spring as it is planting stock of last year, and for landing it is not really good, and especially as the first experience. Good saplings can be bought not earlier than May, and at the same time availability at young grapes not less than 7 real leaves is obligatory.
It is possible to open earlier planted grapes which are under the winter shelter not earlier, than air will get warm at least to - 5 wasps. If the vineyard is in the area where the risk of sudden strong frosts is minimum, grapes are opened at once. If the site is predisposed to frosts or they are expected according to the forecast, then at first open only ventilation. It opens by making of several openings in the shelter, and only after sprout kidneys, grapes are opened completely.
Stagnation of water or freezing in grapevine ice is unacceptable. The appeared water is removed in all ways - do grooves or taken out. It is the best of all to put each rod on small hillock. After removal of the shelter begin to delete with secateurs the sick and damaged escapes, and tie up rod to the lower wire.
Late spring
First of all in the spring, having got grapes from under the shelter, having cut off and having tied up it, it is necessary to take care of processing against wreckers and diseases. If on rod it is possible to find various outgrowths of irregular shape, it signals about plant infection with bacterial cancer, such rod it is necessary to treat urgently. The infected, convex places cut out to the basis and burn, places of cuts process 3% hydrogen peroxide or 5% potassium permanganate solution. In specialized shops of chemical reactants for these purposes it is possible to get 5% ammonium bichromate. When solution on wound dries up, it is processed the garden thief, and then the plant needs to arrange deterioration in conditions, this indispensable condition for disposal of bacterial cancer. Reduction by 2-3 times of watering and fertilizing help plant to develop immunity in fight against disease. For protection of plant against other diseases, such as gray decay, oidium, the anthracnose, mildew, rod are sprayed with the Bordeaux mix, affecting also the soil around bush. If grapes were not accepted in growth yet, concentration of solution can make 3%, and for the woken-up kidneys of 1% will be enough. Solution temperature for spraying has to be 27-33os. In places of cut and damage of rod the current of juice is observed in the spring. To reduce this process which very weakens plant to the soil introduce fertilizers, such as Kemira or "Nitrophoska", quantity in 5-7 gr on sq.m. The soil is dug over after that and watered owing to what its temperature and juice of rod increases becomes more dense.