The easiest to construct giving the dream, having employed professional builders. But it is much more pleasant to live in the building where each reechka is put with love. Also you should not forget that the cost of works of construction crew will pour out in the round sum which can be spent for quality materials. Therefore if there are desire and time, it is possible quickly, qualitatively and rather cheap to build the house of the dream own hands.
Construction stages
At giving construction by the hands it is very important to observe work flow correctly. Works on construction of the house include:
- preparatory stage;
- laying of the foundation;
- construction of walls;
- device of overlappings;
- roof construction;
- roof construction;
- device of interroom overlappings;
- construction of floors;
- device of utilities;
- installation of windows and doors;
- decorative finishing.
That dacha was really the place where you can have a rest soul, on the site it is possible to be engaged also in landscaping. But these works are carried out to the latest turn.
Preparatory stage
If all of you have decided to build giving with own hand, then first of all it is necessary to carry out preparatory work. For a start define the place on the site where construction will be built. Do not forget to get construction permit.
Further it is necessary to make setting-out a building. It is possible to get and the ready project of the house where all nuances are considered, but question rests against finance again and to find the project of the house of your dream not and simply.
You should not forget also that construction materials will need to be brought and to store somewhere. At the same time access to building materials has to be rather easy. To avoid possible inconveniences, before delivery of building materials make the plan of the site on which places of proleganiye of utilities will be specified and also the place from where it will be possible to take water.
Besides, before beginning building of giving with the hands, it is necessary to take care of temporary haven. During construction you should spend much time on the site, so, it will be necessary to change clothes, wait somewhere bad weather, to have dinner and, perhaps, to have supper. For these purposes it is possible to set the temporary car or the change house on the site
Construction materials
It is necessary to approach the choice of construction materials very responsibly, you build giving the dream. As a rule, country houses are under construction of wood. But if you keep up to date and are not too limited in funds, it is possible to choose also modern materials – foam concrete blocks, gas concrete, fixed timbering, keramblok. From of what material walls will be constructed, material and view of the base is chosen.
When choosing construction material for walls except cost it is necessary to pay attention and to ecological security and quality. Also this choice depends on that, you are going to visit the dacha in cold season or the house it will be used only in the summer. In the first case of wall have to be rather thick. When choosing construction material for walls it is necessary to consider also complexity of work with it. It is necessary to choose such material with which it to you will work easily and conveniently.
The house begins with the base. Correctly laid foundation is the key to reliability and durability of the house. If at laying of the foundation to make mistake, then to correct it then when the house is already built, it is almost impossible.
The look and material of the base depends from:
- material and weight of walls;
- level of underground water;
- view of the soil on the site.
Base and walls
When all preparatory work is carried out, construction materials are chosen and purchased, it is possible to start construction of the building. Works need to be begun with laying of the foundation. Now such views of the base are used:
- column;
- tape which is monolithic and assembly;
- plate;
If you are going to use giving and in cold season, then it is necessary to warm the base inside and outside to keep heat in the house and not too to be spent for heating.
It is the best of all to begin wall construction not earlier than in two weeks after laying of the foundation to give it the chance completely to dry and settle. Basic purpose of walls of the house – protection of internal rooms against external atmospheric factors and also performance of role of load-carrying structure. Therefore walls have to be strong and warm.
If the house is used during the whole year, then it is necessary to take care also of warming of walls irrespective of of what material they will be constructed. It is possible to warm walls in three ways:
- internal when heater is located indoors;
- external when heater is mounted outside;
- internal insert when heater is included in wall design.
Important role at construction of the building is played by overlappings. They have to be strong, rigid and have the soundproofing properties. One more of the most important properties of overlappings is their fire resistance therefore for this part of the house it is necessary to approach the choice of construction materials especially carefully. At construction of the house as own hands it is not necessary to choose difficult overlappings in the device. It is the best of all to give preferences standard which consist of the minimum quantity of separate parts and demand small expenses of time, work and finance.
Device of roof and roof
The rooftop provides protection against the atmospheric phenomena and keeps temperature in the house. The roof device – one of important stages of building of giving. To build roof it is the best of all to begin at once after wall construction and the device of overlappings to protect them from environmental activity.
The rooftop consists from:
- slopes;
- rafters and furring;
- bases for rafters;
- edges;
- internal corners;
- eaves and frontal overhangs;
The choice of section of rafters and furring and also distance between them, depends on type of roof. Also roofs can be warmed or cold. If giving your dream has the attic, then to warm roof there is no need. Warm roofs are used in case under it premises are located. On design the cold and warm roofs do not differ. The only difference is that the warm roof is supplied warm and vapor barrier.
Material selection of roof depends on corner of bias of slopes of roof. If the corner makes 20 degrees and more, then it is possible to use sheet or piece materials. Otherwise the roof should be constructed from bituminous or rolled materials that rain water or tala snow did not filter.
Distinguish single-layer and multilayered roofs. The quantity of layers washes to vary from 2 to 5. Everything depends on roof design and the choice of construction materials. It is not difficult to design multilayered roof, but many labor costs and financial investments will be required. However, their advantage that they are more reliable. Therefore in modern houses are most often used such type of roofs. Usually the design contains:
- roofing material;
- heat-insulation layer;
- hydro- and vapor barrier;
If necessary add other additional elements.
Internal device of giving
The quantity of interroom partitions depends on the sir of the house. It is possible to construct them from any material, even from normal plywood. Everything depends on what role will be played by these partitions. As a rule, at dachas do not put up thick interroom walls. However, if walls have to bear not only visual, but also sound insulation, then it is necessary to approach after careful consideration the choice of construction material for internal walls.
Partitions in the house can be separated into primary and secondary.
Primary partitions are under construction along with external walls. They also play role of load-carrying structures. Their arrangement is defined on building projecting phase. It is not recommended to remove such partitions extremely as they can serve as thrust between ceiling and floor. Secondary partitions can be established or taken down at any time, even after the end of construction of the house.
Secondary partitions are subdivided into stationary and transformed. The last are used for temporary division of the room, for example, during arrival of guests. It is possible to place such partitions in any place of the house, to transfer when it is necessary. The simplest type of such partition – screen. Stationary partitions are normal walls.
Floors and floor coverings construct after overlappings, walls and the rooftop are ready. The design of floor depends on type of the room and microclimate.
If giving has penthouse, then it is necessary to think of the ladder device. The ladder has to be reliable and functional. If the space allows, it is possible to order beautiful ladder from professional masters, it will serve also as decoration of interior. At dachas, as a rule, use the most normal step-ladder which is easy for making also own hands.
Two things which practical it is unreal to make with own hands at construction of the house are windows and doors. Now the great popularity was gained by metalplastic or wooden double-glazed windows. The last have high cost, but differ in environmental friendliness.
Interroom doors have to fit into interior organically. The quantity of interroom doors depends on the number of rooms.
It is necessary to approach the choice of outer door extremely responsibly as they perform several functions. First of all it is protection of the house. The door has to be strong and have the safe lock. Besides, the outer door is communication with the external environment, and therefore it has to perform the warm and soundproofing functions. Outer doors can be metal or wooden.
That dacha became really the house of dream, it is necessary to arrange utilities – electro- and water supply, heating and the sewerage. The majority of works can be performed and with own hand. But if you understand nothing in electricity and plumbing, for the device of utilities it is better to invite experts.
Decorative registration of internal rooms of the house depends on flavoring preferences of the owner. Here the imagination can allow to be unrolled and to make giving really cozy. When the house is ready at desire and mood it is possible to improve the site and the territory around the house, to lay out garden, to dig up beds and klubma. If desired it is possible to arrange corner for barbecue and to plan recreation area, having established brazier and garden furniture.
Owners of own cars for certain will want to make the parking on the site, to construct garage.