Undoubtedly, there is in chaotic interlacing of branches of forest tree original beauty. But the cultural plant has to meet the requirements of form of the highest fruitfulness. For this purpose the krone of apple-tree needs to be formed, cutting unnecessary branches and stimulating growth of necessary. How to do it it is correct?
For what cutting and cutting of branches is carried out
You have planted small sapling of apple-tree in the garden. In order that the tree has taken root, it is necessary to provide, first, good nutrition to its roots – in roots all force. Cut off the third part of length of stipitate, be not sorry. It will allow roots to keep the most part of nutrients. The trunk will prevail later and will then grow on sound roots powerfully and without serious consequences. In the next two-three years no intervention is necessary unless if the apple-tree very promptly grows up to the detriment of thickness. In that case the vershinka can be truncated once again. For fourth or fifth lives of young apple-tree you carry out forming of its krone, on quarter of length shortening branches by means of secateurs. This operation contributes to the development of the "sleeping" kidneys and formation of new side branches.
On five-seven-year apple-trees the average cutting for the purpose of further forming of krone and increase in the fructifying branches is carried out.
At adult tree for improvement of access of sunlight to fruits the strong cutting is carried out. In this case branches are cut half lengths, and even if they have dried up or something are infected.
As it is correct to cut branches
Garden secateurs or cloth of hacksaw which you will cut off branches have to be clean that during operation to exclude infection drift. Secondly, the tool has to be sharp as the razor. The stupid hacksaw will tousle bark, will tear structure of tree that will lead to long and painful mending. To carry out cutting of branches, especially large, it is desirable with the assistant. Long branches, especially if work is performed alone, it is better to saw off parts, in two-three approaches, gradually approaching trunk. So you exclude its breaking from the main trunk that it is fraught with serious consequences. If branch not really big, and you have decided to cut it at once, do has washed down at first from below on third of depth, having receded from trunk of centimeters 8-10, and then from above on flow edge. After that exactly to dopilita, having removed shank. Such cut – through flow – is called "cut on ring". Cutting with leaving of stump leads further to its rotting and formation of hollow on trunk. Too close cut to trunk forms the big, long not healing wound.
When to carry out cutting
Cutting of apple-trees is carried out in the early spring – prior to the beginning of sokodvizheniye and emergence of kidneys, and in the fall when the leaf fall begins and the active sokodvizheniye stops. In necessary cases the cutting can be carried out in the summer, for example, for providing solntsedostupnost to fruits. It is anyway obligatory to use garden var or oil paint on drying oil for puttying of cuts.