In the early spring before landing many have question how to fertilize the earth that the harvest was better. Fertilizers are organic, mineral and organomineral.
Instruction
1. Organic fertilizers are divided into two groups: plant debris and fertilizers of animal origin. Treat vegetable: peat, composts. To animals: manure and dung. When entering organic fertilizers into the soil, its structure considerably improves. It promotes reproduction of living organisms which bring big benefit, both for the soil, and for plants. Today it is recommended to introduce organic fertilizers by means of compost. He prepares very simply. Spread out straw 15 centimeters thick to the area of 10 square meters. Then layer of manure of 20 centimeters. Then peat layer too 15-20 centimeters. Over it scatter lime and phosphate rock, having mixed their one to one. On each square meter pour 50-60 grams. From above add one more layer of manure of 15-20 centimeters. Cover all this with thin layer of the earth. This compost has to be kept 7-8 months and only then it can be used. Advantages of organic fertilizer: the first – it increases fertility of the soil, the second – improves its structure, the third – provides presence of live microorganisms. But there are also shortcomings. The first of them is imbalance of nutrients. – its concentration is still unknown to the second. The third – the content of large number of seeds of weeds. The fourth – the danger of infection with diseases is high. The fifth – the organic chemistry in essence absorbs and attracts toxic substances. And the sixth – the most dangerous, these fertilizers absorb radionukleida.
2. Mineral fertilizers – chemicals which demand the careful relation to themselves. It is necessary to apply them strictly on norm. Notable gardeners usually use the following: nitrogen, limy, manganese, potash and other fertilizers. Carry to nitrogen fertilizers: saltpeter, urea, ammonia and ammonia water. It is necessary for good power supply of plants that in the earth there was always prosperity of nitrogen. Nitrogen fertilizers need to be introduced to the soil twice a year. Under fruit-trees they are brought by two times a year. The first half of fertilizers approximately in the second half of April, and the second half in the middle of November. Way of introduction of those fertilizers that in the spring that it is identical in the fall. Fertilizer is scattered manually then the soil is cultivated. For achievement of the best effect the earth has to be damp. Potash fertilizers considerably increase productivity. Potassium in the soil is in the basic in forms, remote for plants, therefore the need of agriculture for those fertilizers is very big. Almost all of them contain ions of chlorine, sodium and magnesium which influence growth of plants. It is recommended to introduce potash fertilizers in the fall together with manure under the main soil cultivation. Without phosphorus the formation of chlorophyll and assimilation by plants of carbon dioxide is impossible. Entering into the soil of phosphoric fertilizers not only increases productivity, but also improves quality of products. It is necessary to introduce these fertilizers in the fall. At first scatter them on surface, later dig over the earth on depth of twenty centimeters. It is necessary to dig over about trees parallel to roots.
3. Organomineral fertilizers are humic fertilizers which consist of organic matters and mineral connections. For each medicine there is application instructions. But there are basic ways of introduction. For the open soil – it is spraying method, and for the closed soil are methods of drop watering, overhead irrigation, superficial watering and manual spraying according to leaf. Basic consumption rate for processing of seeds is 300-700 milliliters on one ton of seeds. For sheet fertilizing – 200-400 milliliters of fertilizer on one hectare of crops. For greenhouses – at drop watering by 20-40 milliliter on one thousand liters of irrigation water, and when spraying 5-10 milliliters of fertilizer on 10 liters of water.