The productivity of tomatoes depends not only on climatic factors, but also on leaving conditions. Berry of family of nightshade family – quite whimsical culture also requires to itself a lot of attention.
Optimum temperature for tomatoes
The bulk of harvest is put at the beginning of summer and at this stage of condition of cultivation of solanaceous culture have to be ideal.
During daylight hours tomatoes accumulate nutrients which are necessary for photosynthesis. As tomatoes are very exacting to heat, the most suitable temperature for them 22-24 degrees, however are considered if on sunny day it reaches 29 degrees – it is considered normal too. Plants just lift temperature of the bodies due to evaporation.
If air temperature exceeds 33 degrees, pollen loses the viability that affects emergence of ovary.
At night day tomatoes grow at the expense of the elements which are saved up in the afternoon. The most optimum air temperature is 16-18 degrees at night. If these indicators decrease, then growth of culture stops.
Soil temperature
That tomatoes harmoniously developed, they need set of nutrients from the soil. They not only contribute to the development of root system, but also prevent various diseases including fungal.
Intake of vitamins comes from soil only at its temperature of 20-22 degrees. If the earth heats up to 25 degrees or cools down up to 15 degrees – it negatively affects plant.
One more factor which it is necessary to consider tomato at cultivation is soil dampness which has to be 80-85%. It is simple to check it, it is enough to take lump of the earth in palm and to squeeze it. If between fingers moisture has acted (but not drops!), its level in the soil the most suitable.
In dry soil tomatoes do not develop: their leaves become dark, inflorescences weak, and flowers small and buds often grow together among themselves. At lack of moisture on fruits topmost decay is formed.
Watering
Tomatoes water seldom, but thoroughly. This moment directly depends on soil type on which tomatoes grow.
Loamy fertile soils drench 1-2 times a week, spending 3-4 l of water for one bush of tomatoes.
Sandy soil demands more frequent watering and if tomatoes grow in the greenhouse, then after moistening it is aired.
Heavy lands from watering are filled therefore they need to be loosened periodically. Considering that the root system of tomatoes is located in top soil and it is easy to damage it, mulch only top layer of the earth.
Film greenhouses need to be aired, and air vents have to be from above here. Otherwise, crude air will stand that will lead to distribution of fungus – gray decay. This rather serious illness of nightshade family of which it is very difficult to get rid.
Fertilizing of tomatoes
Good harvest tomato is result of the correct leaving and fertilizers. For power supply of roots complex structures, such as azophoska, nitroammofoska are used or it is dissolved. They are scattered around stalk, on 1 tablespoon on one bush.
It is not necessary to be fond of nitrogen fertilizers as they stimulate vegetative growth, and to receive harvest on the first brush – it is very important.
Pasynkovaniye
Pasynkovaniye of tomatoes is removal of side escapes. It is very important and necessary operation on which the harvest tomato depends. The fact is that shoots take away to themselves large amount of nutrients and therefore they are deleted at early stage, so far they have not grown up more than 3-5 cm. It is better to do it in the morning.
Besides stepsons delete sick and old escapes.
Violation of technology of cultivation of tomatoes by all means will affect harvest of fruits. Besides, it substantially will reduce their quality.