The main problem of the sandy soil is that it badly holds moisture together with which all are washed away useful and the nutrients necessary for the good growth and fructification of plants. For this reason the sandy soil needs improvement of the structure.
The sandy soil can consist more than for 90% of sand that creates considerable problems for gardeners. Sand during the day can heat up very strongly that causes in plants burns of root system and constant deficiency of water and nutrients. In winter time such soils deeply freeze through and are capable to ruin roots of fruit-trees. It is possible to avoid this problem by means of improvement of composition of the ground and increase in its ability to water retention.
The simplest, not labor-consuming, but long method of cultivation of sandy soils introduction of organic fertilizers in large number is considered. About two buckets of manure, peat or garden compost have to fall on each square meter of the earth. It is necessary to bring organic chemistry quite long time – within 2-3 years.
Increase in organic matters in the soil can achieve also due to crops of plants-sideratov: bean, peas, lupine, white mustard, olive radish, etc. During the autumn period the soil is dug over together with the mowed, but not removed sideralny plants which will interfere with washing away from the earth of useful substances and to saturate it with nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus. Process of peregnivaniye of plants in sand happens much quicker, than in more fertile types of soil that positively affects structure and soil water capacity.
The first sign of improvement of the sandy soil is appearance of the earthworms necessary for loosening and enrichment of the soil with humus. To hold worms on the site, important regularly to feed up them the plant debris collected in compost heap. More labor-intensive process of improvement of condition of the sandy soil is its claying that leads to increase in moisture capacity and ability of soil to accumulate nutrients. Clay apply to entering into the soil only high-quality and it is obligatory in the form of powder. Not less than two buckets of clay powder have to fall on one square meter of the site. The procedure of claying is carried out within 4-5 years. If process of transformation of the sandy soil in sandy needs to be reduced to two seasons, introduction of the increased powder doses from clay will be required – to four buckets on square meter. Let's allow option of improvement of the soil by nasypaniye of thick layer of peat over the brought clay. Height of peat layer has to be not less than 10 cm – thus on the site the new soil layer suitable for cultivation and successful fructification of plants is formed. For increase in fertility and moisture-holding properties of the sandy soil it is possible to bring in it lake silt. It pretty fast decays and represents ready organic mineral fertilizer. Silt can be added to the soil at all seasons of the year when redigging is made. The dose of this natural fertilizer makes about 7-8 kg on one square meter. Silt does not need preliminary composting, by efficiency the term of its action as fertilizers is comparable with manure, about 3-4 years last. During improvement of structure of the sandy soil it is important not to forget it to mulch in warm season to reduce amount of the evaporated moisture. During preparation of the site for winter, the soil is carefully watered that allows to increase its thermal capacity and will keep plants from winter freezing.