The base acts as basis of any house. Any construction begins with it. Only the reliable base can provide to the building durability. It is necessary to observe technology of laying.
Instruction
1. Depth on which the foundation will be laid completely depends on type of soil. It is also necessary to consider frost depth and level of underground water at the same time. These indicators can be defined if to dig well about 2 meters in depth. Laying of the foundation has to be made lower than frost depth of soil.
2. It is necessary to be extremely attentive at construction of buildings on dust sands which are saturated with water. Problems can arise also with muddy and lessovidny soil. As the natural basis extremely it is not recommended to use vegetable soil and peat bogs.
3. If natural soil cannot provide good stability of the building erected on it, it is necessary to be engaged in the device of the artificial basis. Sand and filling brick is considered the simplest artificial basis. It is the best of all to apply them when on geological conditions the device of the deep bases is necessary. In this situation the basis will replace part of rubblework of the base. Quite often use the sandy and crushed-stone bases for increase in the area of transfer of soil bearing pressure from base of foundation.
4. Under load bearing walls of the house it is necessary to do the base by width depending on allowable load on soil and also from the load of soil created by walls. For a start it is necessary to plan the location of the base. It is possible to break this area by means of cord and the big square. The sizes have to be several times checked. At distance of 1 meter from pegs the railing which consists of columns with the boards beaten at the level of 1 meter from the earth has to be established. After that it is necessary to check and eliminate carefully available malfunctions. To determine wall thickness of the base it is necessary to pull the second for both parties of the first axes. On both axes on the earth draw lines and plan contours of the internal and external sides of the base.