Care for grapes is not less significant in the summer, than in the rest of the time of season, during this period the bush gains strength which is so necessary for the full-fledged growth and maturing of berries. It is necessary to water plant in order to avoid its drying up in time, to feed up for active growth, to carry out cutting and pasynkovaniye and also in due time to spray bushes, protecting them from disease. Performance of these actions will serve as guarantee of removal of abundant harvest and receiving strong and healthy bush.
Watering and fertilizing of grapes
Care for grapes without fail includes in the summer watering and fertilizing of plantings, however it is necessary to approach this process individually, depending on grade of grapes, the soil and also climatic features of the region in which it grows.
The main summer periods when watering of grapes is obligatory, are:
- in 2 weeks prior to blossoming (second half of May);
- the period after blossoming of plant when berry begins to be tied (first half of June);
- growth phase of cluster and filling berry (second half of July).
Watering of bushes is not recommended during their blossoming as it will lead to fall of flowers and bad ovary. Also do not water grapes during ripening and just before harvesting as the period of final maturing of harvest drags on, and berry bursts from excessive moisture.
That care for grapes was effective in the summer, plant it is necessary to feed up periodically, and do it in two ways – root and extra root.
Root fertilizing is carried out together with watering and introduce the following fertilizers:
- for the beginning of blossoming: water solution on the watering of 1 bush consisting of 10 l of water, 10 g of ammonium nitrate, 20 g of superphosphate and 5 g of potash salt;
- in 2 weeks prior to filling berry: the same solution, but without ammonium nitrate;
- after vintage: potash fertilizers for increase in firmness of plant during the wintering.
Extra root fertilizing includes spraying of leaf and is made irrespective of fertilizer of root system. Phases of spraying coincide with the periods of root fertilizing. For fertilizer the solutions containing microelements and also micro and macrofertilizers which range on sale is quite big are used.
That solution from microelements was better absorbed in leaf, it is possible to add to fertilizing 3 tablespoons of sugar on 1 bucket.
Prishchipyvaniye of grapes
In the third decade of June in order that the main nutrients as much as possible arrived to cluster, the fructifying rod shorten, prishchipyvy it. For this purpose from the second cluster count 5-6 leaflets and after short mustache prishchipyvat the top of branch.
That care for grapes was correct in the summer, it is necessary to make nipping (cutting) of grapes annually. It is connected with the fact that the average length of rod is from 4 to 6 meters, and it needs to be provided with power supply. That on bush the cluster, but not escape of such length fully developed, it is shortened therefore nutrients are evenly distributed on all system of plant, berries become more sweet, and the harvest ripens earlier.
Pasynkovaniye of grapes
In the middle of June on bush of grapes the intensive growth of escapes of the second order – stepsons is noted. Their growth requires large amount of nutrients, and often additional escapes overtake the main fructifying rod in growth. The deficiency results from power supply for cluster, and berries turn out small and unsweetened.
Provide the correct summer care for grapes by removal of stepsons during the period since the end of June and until the end of August. At regular care for bush the stepsons pull out at the arising stage. But if additional escape has already begun active growth, then it is cut off after the first leaf, with the only condition that bushes are planted seldom. Otherwise, in order to avoid thickness of grapes, stepsons break out completely.
Lighting of clusters
During final ripening of berries when they get characteristic to grade coloring, it is necessary to carry out lighting of clusters. For black grades of grapes it is the middle of August, pink – the end of August, and late white grades – the beginning of September. For this purpose all foliage which shades clusters that sunshine freely got on berry is removed.
The beneficial effect in the form of abundant harvest and also the healthy created bush ready to wintering and fructification next year will allow to receive timely care for grapes in the summer.