One of the most important elements in bath is boiler. This device provides bath with heat, in it water and stones for steam are heated. The boiler for bath can be bought, and it is possible to make the hands, especially, if to have some skills of welding and construction jobs.
The boiler can use different fuel, firm, liquid or gaseous. The type of fuel in many respects determines not only the cost of service of boiler, but also quality of work and the price of the device.
Depending on the used fuel the boilers happen:
- gas;
- electric;
- pyrolysis;
- solid-fuel;
- liquid-fuel.
From all types of boilers gas is the most economic in use, however, only if on the site natural gas is brought. It is not rational to use bottled gas for heating of bath.
As it is clear from the name, the electric boiler works from the electric power. Indisputable advantage of such device is the lack of hazardous substances, smell and ashes. Besides, it is not necessary to prepare fuel for all year. But the electric power – one of the most expensive types of fuel, and therefore service of such boiler will manage in the lump sum.
The boilers using solid fuel are most widespread. With their help it is possible to maintain long time the necessary indoor temperature. However, fuel it will be necessary to load and take care constantly of reserves of firewood or coal for all year will be not superfluous.
Pyrolysis boilers are modification of solid propellant units. At combustion of solid fuel large amount of gas which in the above option just goes to the atmosphere is distinguished. The main difference of pyrolysis boiler is that in it fuel does not burn, and smolders. At the same time the bigger amount of combustible gas is distinguished. The second camera where this gas burns out is provided in this type of boilers. As a result at the same volume of fuel much more heat energy is emitted. One loading of firewood in pyrolysis boiler can be enough for 10-12 hours. Lack of such equipment is its big cost. Besides, this device can use only dry firewood.
Liquid-fuel boilers are simple and inexpensive in operation. The main lack of such equipment are the unpleasant smell and toxic evaporations which are inevitable during the operation of the boiler, and therefore it is necessary to establish it beyond borders of rooms which are used by people for bathing procedures.
The hands to make really only the three first version of boilers. Pyrolysis and liquid-fuel boilers are too difficult for bath in production that it was possible to create them in house conditions. However, if there is desire, patience and small skills of work with the Bulgarian and the welding machine, then there is nothing impossible.
The simplest in production and installation – the boiler using solid fuel. Before starting production of the device, it is necessary to make its scheme and to stock up with materials and tools. The solid propellant boiler for bath can be executed in three options:
- from pipe;
- from barrel;
- from sheet metal plate.
Regardless of which you will prefer version of the boiler, it is also necessary to have near at hand:
- welding machine;
- Bulgarian;
- sheet metal plate;
- scraps of armature;
- thick-walled metal or grid-iron;
- pipe with a diameter not less than 10 cm;
- metal loops;
- the crane for water.
The boiler for bath has to consist of several parts:
- fire chambers;
- flue;
- ashpit;
- Kamenka;
- tank for water.
The simplest and fast option of production of boiler – from metal pipe. It is possible to arrange it horizontally or vertically. At horizontal arrangement on the one side of pipe the stub, and with another – door is put. Inside, horizontally, the partition is welded in and the grid-iron is established. Everything, the fire chamber and ashpit are ready. It was necessary to weld in in fire chamber knee for water, and to arrange from above metal tank. During heating in knee every portion of water will come to tank, and cold to fill knee. About fire chamber Kamenka – the most ordinary shelf with stones is located.
If to establish pipe vertically on the muffled party, and in the middle to weld in one more sheet of metal, then the lower part can be used as fire chamber, and top – as tank for water. In the lower part it is also necessary to weld in partition and to establish grid-iron. In this case it is necessary to cut from below openings for dverts, to regiment for stones as well as in horizontal option, to weld sideways. If height of bath allows, then it is possible to make Kamenka between tank for water and the most fenny. For this purpose between two stubs it is necessary to weld in grid-irons, and in the middle to cut opening for door too. It should be noted that the fire chamber needs to be made of thick wall pipe that the boiler has served long enough.
The pipe of flue of such boiler is established in the center. The position of joint needs to be scalded to full tightness. In pipe it is possible to make valve which is closed after fuel burn-out that reduces heatlosses.
One more simple and budgetary version of the boiler is manufactured on the basis of metal barrel which wall thickness is not less than 3 mm. Otherwise walls will quickly burn through and it is necessary to manufacture new boiler.
The bottom of barrel needs to be cut, and instead of it to weld in metal not less than 5 mm thick. Legs from armature or scraps of channel are welded on bottom of barrel. Below by means of the Bulgarian the opening for ashpit and ashpit is cut out. The door is made of the same thick-walled metal.
From above, at distance of 5-7 centimeters in barrel the grid-iron is welded in. It can be made independently of cast iron or to get ready in shop. Armature rods are quite capable to replace grid-iron.
5-10 cm above grid-iron the opening for fire chamber door is cut out. This opening has to be more that it was convenient to load fuel. Directly over fire chamber Kamenka is arranged. The partition between Kamenka and fire chamber should not be continuous. Here too it is possible to weld in grid-iron or to use scraps of channel or armature. Distance between scraps should not be more than the size of stones. Height of fire chamber and Kamenka are approximately identical and have to be 1/3 heights of barrel. Kamenka is also supplied with door.
In upper part of barrel the tank for water is arranged. The partition between tank and Kamenka is made of metal sheet. In the center of the sheet the opening is cut out and the piece of pipe with a diameter not less than 10 mm is hermetically welded. Stack height have to be twice more than tank height for water. Water heating in this case is carried out at the expense of heated stones from below and also from pipe on which there passes hot smoke. The upper part of tank is closed cover, and in lower weld in tube section and install the crane.
If at hand there is neither barrel, nor pipe of the suitable size, then it is possible to weld boiler for bath from sheet metal plate. It is carried out to similarly above options, but for convenience of welding its section will be not circular, but rectangular or square. At production of boiler from metal, it is possible to weld tank for water sideways from fire chamber on all height of boiler. In this case it is possible not to weld in door for Kamenka, and to close boiler top cover. If desired it is possible to impose boiler with refractory brick. It becomes in order that the heat in fire chamber and Kamenka remained longer.
Kamenka at production of boiler is not obligatory. In this case supply of steam will come from the heated metal walls of boiler and the boiling water in tank, but steam at the same time will be heavy.
Gas – the most economic and convenient fuel. When using gas heating there is no waste in the form of ashes and smoke. Service of such boiler is much easier as the flue does not become soiled, as when using solid fuel.
The design of gas boiler is similar to the device solid-fuel, but nevertheless has some differences. Such device has to be surely supplied with the safety lock to stop supply of gas in case of attenuation. Also it has to have the thermostat and the hermetic camera for fuel.
In bathing boilers it is possible to use two types of blowpipes – atmospheric and inflatable. The first option the simplest and cheap. It does not demand connection of the difficult equipment. Combustion is sustained at the expense of arriving through ashpit or ashpit of air.
Inflatable torches work at the expense of the air forced by the fan. At the same time the electric power is necessary for work of such torches that does use of boiler by more expensive. Advantage of use of inflatable torches is that heating of the room is carried out much quicker.
Body of electric boiler for bath is TEN. Except it the conducting tire and heat shield enter design. For heating it is possible to use both single-phase, and three-phase network, depending on the room sizes. The metal body of boiler needs to be grounded.
The electric boiler for bath gathers step by step:
- calculation of necessary power and quantity TENOV, proceeding from the room sizes;
- connection of heating coils by means of crossing points;
- fixing TENOV on metal sheet not less than 3 mm thick welding or bolts;
- laying of stones;
- welding of the protection cover from metal sheet;
- connection of the device to network.
The boiler is installed on the base at distance not less half a meter from all elements in bath which can light up. The base has to be fire-resistant and maintain boiler weight with filled with fire chamber, tank and Kamenka. Walls around arrangement of boiler and the place of passing of flue through wooden overlappings need to be closed also fire-resistant material.