The column base is chosen for construction of owner-occupied dwellings and farm buildings. As parent material for its construction often use asbestos pipes. All complex of works can be performed the hands, without resorting to services of professional builders.
Instruction
1. In the beginning it is necessary to prepare surface for construction of the base and also to mark it. By means of construction thread outline contour of future building. At this stage the correct geometry is very important — thread has to stretch two parallel lines. Width of interval between them is equal to grillage thickness.
2. Support have to be under the most loaded parts of the building, load bearing walls, corners and the furnace concern them. The closer support to each other will be located, the base will be more reliable and stronger. Optimum distance between support 1.5-2.5 m are considered.
3. Deepening of support is done 25-30 cm lower than the level of freezing of the soil. Support should not act from the earth more, than on 50 cm, diameter of holes depends on the chosen type of pipes. As a rule, diameter of each hole is 150-250 mm.
4. Into the drilled wells insert pipes, they have to act over earth surface on 30-40 cm. Pipes are timberings, the main loading is the share of metal rods which are located in each pipe.
5. There are several mounting modes of the column base on the basis of asbestos pipes. In the first case the pipe is inserted into hole then drive in two reinforcing rods into it at distance of 6-7 cm from each other. It is necessary to drive in armature on 20-30 cm into the earth, approximately on the same distance she has to act from above. Pipes fill in with concrete mix outside and from within at the same time. The reinforcing regions acting from above will take part further in forming of grillage.
6. Other method of construction of the base includes several stages. In the beginning the pipe is filled in on 1/3 part with concrete solution. After it rises by 10-15 cm up, in it lower the reinforcing rods supporting its basis. It is desirable to process them the special structures preventing wear of metal and protecting it from moisture.
7. The risen pipe is exposed on level in compliance with other pipes then it is filled with concrete to the brim. Place the pin acting as thread on 20-30 cm up which will form basis of forming of grillage in it. Tops of columns have to be at one horizontal level, this indispensable condition for further installation of grillage.
8. If the column base is constructed on loose soil, under pipes it is necessary to make substrate. Before pipe fitting mix sand and gravel in proportion 1:1. The received mix is filled up to the well, thickness of layer has to be 10-15 cm. Mix of gravel and sand cover with moisture resistant material, for example, roofing material or construction cellophane.
9. The grillage is created by means of metal, concrete or wooden edge beam, and material is chosen depending on structure of future building. The concrete grillage is created by means of timbering. The wooden or metal grillage has precast structure, its basic connections have to lean on the bearing column.