Cultivation of bonsai - ancient east art. It very labor-consuming also demands a lot of time. If you have decided to grow up with own hand bonsai, stock up with patience. The result will reward you.
Instruction
1. Think of saplings for bonsai. They can be received in several ways. Seed seeds. Small it is necessary to sow in March-April. Large - right after collecting, in the fall or at the beginning of winter. Subject seeds to special processing which consists in wetting, stratification and podmorazhivaniye. Stratification - long keeping of seeds at the lowered temperature. In two months wet them for 5 days, systematically changing water. Then mix with damp sand or peat, close in glass jar, and in three months expose to frost and sow.
2. Grow up bonsai from shanks. Cut shanks from middle part of stalk under oblique angle. Make the top cut several millimeters higher than kidney, and lower - under the kidney. It is necessary to do it in the fall, in the winter or in the early spring, when there is no sokodvizheniye. Powder the prepared material with sand and you store in cellar or in the basement. Choose escapes which easily bend and do not break. It is so possible to part honeysuckle, grapes, coniferous. Before rooting wet shanks in heteroauxin solution (200-300 mg of substance on 1 liter) for day. If it seems to you difficult, find suitable copy under natural conditions. For this purpose the juniper, cypress, apple-tree, cherry, plum Japanese, rose, wistaria, persimmon, wild grapes, barberry, maple, willow will approach.
3. Get suitable container. It has to correspond to plant dimensions, have drainage hole, be combined with shape of plant. Experts give preference to rectangular and oval shapes. Best of all containers of dark color, strict and strong, giving stability approach.
4. Pave the way. Good earth mix is made of clay with humus, humus and coarse-grained sand. All this is mixed in the proportions corresponding to the soil in the homeland of plant. It is possible to add sheet humus. For coniferous use one part of sand on six parts of deciduous humus. For hygrophilous take peat and add to it silt, previously having removed strainer of water insects.
5. Replace bonsai in container when the sokodvizheniye only begins.
6. Define in what style the bonsai will be formed. Look at initial shape of plant. If the curvature of trunk is pronounced, then let it will be "Cascade". If branches grow on the one hand, then let there will be "The tree bent by wind". Consider tree in all its aspects. Define what part of tree will be front and what - the return. Remove dry branches, branches on the lower third of trunk and also unnecessary branches between three main. As required truncate also them. Avoid symmetry. Define tree top. As you will probably cut off the extended top, pick up small branch which will grow up.
7. Bring roots to surface. For this purpose accurately loosen top soil around trunk and carefully bring to surface. This procedure can force to refuse originally planned style because removal of thick roots strongly inclines tree.
8. Give to trunk the required form. Make it by means of copper wire. For this purpose incline tree, thrust against the stop at its basis wire. Obkruchivayte it around trunk on spiral to the place of bend. Then carefully bend trunk and record. In the same way incline branches. Wire designs are calculated until six months. You watch that the wire has not damaged bark and did not pull together trunk. Not to obkruchivayta repeatedly same branches. Or let's them have a rest within year.
9. Forming by means of wire - the painful procedure. Water tree, since top, and take out to the place protected from direct sunshine and drafts. Having achieved desirable form by means of cutting and obkruchivaniye, replace plant. For this purpose in dry and clean container close drainage holes crocks concave parts down. From above lay layer of sphagnum moss. On it - rough lumps of the earth. The following layer - the main. In damp state spread out it on the parties, leaving deepening in the middle. If in root lump there are emptiness, fill them with soil. Carefully exempt plant from old container (it can be broken). Explore the soil by means of sharp thin stick: it is very important that there were no earthworms.
10. Define core root. By means of secateurs separate those which will not influence growth. If thin roots healthy and developed, cut the main root. Insert tree into container, doing easy rotational motions. Straighten roots, fill up soil mix. It has to fill all space between roots.
11. Decorate the soil with moss, shell rock, stones.