The season of garden works at many begins with windowsill. Exactly here tomatoes, eggplants, pepper and other vegetables arise. Future harvest in many respects depends on seedling, but that to grow up it, it is necessary to follow certain rules. One incorrect action can ruin fragile greens and bring to naught works.
The first what it is necessary to take care of is soil for seedling. Such qualities as ease, friability, good vozdukho- and moisture permeability, saturation by organic matters and minerals and also sterility are ordered it.
Store substrate has all listed characteristics and is in advance disinfected, but mix can be prepared independently from peat, garden soil and manure humus.
It is undesirable to plant seedling to the earth which already contacted to plants of the same family as in it pathogenic flora and causative agents of the diseases inherent in this look can remain.
The mushroom, viral and bacterial infection remains in the soil long time, sometimes up to 6 years. Besides, larvae and adult individuals of web pincers, wireworms, wood lice, nogokhvostok and other wreckers live in garden soil. It is senseless to sow vegetables to such earth - seedling will wither already at early stage of development. That not to allow it, the earth is disinfected at first.
Options of sterilization of the soil
The easiest way of disinfecting is to spill the soil abrupt boiled water. It is not too reliable as some pathogenic particles can survive therefore the procedure is done several times, at an interval of 1-2 days.
Experienced gardeners steam soil for seedling. Do it so:
- take tank, bucket or other capacious capacity;
- on 2/3 fill it with earth mix;
- in the middle, in the earth, do wide opening and fill in in it about two liters of water;
- close ware cover and put on fire, approximately for 40 minutes.
Other option of steaming is feasible by means of colander or other capacity with openings at the bottom:
- the bottom of container is covered fabric;
- pour water into tank, bucket or big pan, bring to boiling and diminish fire;
- the colander with the earth is placed over water;
- steam the soil of 30-40 minutes.
Heat treatment can be made also in oven. For this purpose the earth is filled on baking sheet uniform layer and fried thoroughly, periodically stirring slowly. It is quite aggressive method of disinfecting and carry out it at the minimum heating of the furnace.
Chemical medicines for soil cultivation
- neposredstvenno before crops the earth is spilled hot solution of potassium permanganate which 1-2 g part in 1 l of water.
- Use fungicides which struggle with the diseases of plants which are transmitted through the soil and also insecticides from parasites.
After processing from wreckers, viruses and bacteria the soil loses useful microflora and it needs to be restored. For this purpose the soil is fed with various fertilizers from discharge of probiotics or mullein which is especially good for greens at the very beginning of its development.