Such properties of mustard as early viability at low temperatures and fast building of dense green material, have created possibility of use of this siderat not only as fertilizer, but also for protection of the landing areas against weeds. It is necessary to put and follow rules of crop rotation only in time.
Even the most fertile soil of the garden site will demand application of fertilizers sooner or later. It is the best of all if it is organic chemistry: humus, peat. However such fertilizing is inevitably followed by rapid growth of weeds. For this reason many gardeners stop the choice on crops of plants-sideratov which are full-fledged green fertilizer. These are cereal cultures (rye, oats), bean (peas, clover, lucerne, Vika), cruciferae family (colza, surepitsa, olive radish, mustard). Each plant has the advantages and shortcomings therefore it is necessary to approach their choice intelligently.
Than mustard is good
It is necessary to tell that all types of mustard (white, black, sheet) have the right to treat siderata. At the same time sheet it is possible to apply with success in cookery, cutting off in 2 weeks after crops juicy leaves for salad. Black mustard is a little used as green fertilizer. Fault to that her love for heat.
White mustard, unlike the relative, maintains spring frosts to - 5 wasps. She is unpretentious to soils because its root system is capable to get of depth up to 2 meters, breaking even the heaviest soil. Mustard extracts nutrients on surface and will transform them to digestible form, making available to the cultural followers. Especially well mustard saturates the soil with phosphorus, sulfur and nitrogen. The value of mustard which is often sowed as the sealant which is not allowing growth of weed in rapid growth. And cold weather does not slow down this process at all. Shoots of mustard appear for 3–4 day, both the highest growth rate and development of plant is the share of the beginning of vegetation. Literally in 1.5 months mustard is capable to rise by height of 20 cm. Though it can reach also 80 cm, for application of mustard as fertilizer such achievements are inadmissible. It is not necessary to wait for phase of its active blossoming to dig the crushed green material to the earth. All plants-sideraty are used for fight against weeds, but their action differs. If the rye in itself is aggressive to any kind of vegetation and lets to the territory only cornflowers, then mustard in this plan is "much more appeasable". At rare crops the weeds all the same will break through therefore if reproduction of mustard not only for the sake of saturation of the soil mineral substances, but also from weeds is supposed, then it is necessary to take care of the sufficient density of landing.
Rules of crops of mustard white from weed
2.5 g of seeds on square meter are on average recommended. To get rid of weeds and some diseases and wreckers in the soil (and mustard is effective in fight against the wireworm, nematode, phytophthora, scab), the quantity of seeds increases to 4-6 g. As mustard – early culture, its crops it is possible to make, since the middle of April and finishing with the middle of August, occupying with plant the squares which are not set or already freed from vegetables yet. Crops of mustard do not demand any special agrotechnical receptions from weed. Seeds can be distributed on furrows or to scatter manually, closing up on depth of 1.5-2 cm by means of rake. Everything depends on the sizes of the sowed area. It is necessary to consider that for amicable shoots the watering is obligatory. Mustard — hygrophilous culture, but excessive moistening, as well as drought, can do much harm. Using crops of mustard as the siderat, it is necessary to consider that it cannot be sowed where grew or cruciferae family as she treats this family will be planted and can be subject to the same diseases. As mustard it is necessary in 1.5 months from the moment of landing to close up to the soil as fertilizer, it is necessary to conform to one more rule strictly: other cultures can be put into place where green material of the siderat, only in 2–3 weeks after this action is dug over. Following this recommendation, it is good to plant mustard early in the spring into place where tomatoes, pepper will grow. In Siberia, for example, these vegetables land to the open ground only to the middle of June. The mustard seeded in the middle of April will not give the chance to weeds to captivate the site which is empty so much time and will create favorable environment for power supply of future plants.