In recent years among amateur gardeners the trend of cultivation not only fruit and vegetable cultures which directly get on table, but also different types of the flowers and bushes influencing landscaping of the personal or seasonal dacha is observed. Among the ornamental shrubs, most popular in our country, it is possible to note also grade "large-flowered Abeliya". This plant has become widespread because of the esthetic value and also long blossoming (since the beginning of June until the end of September) and unpretentiousness.
Abeliya large-flowered treats sort of plants Abeliya of subfamily Linneevy (Linnaeaceae) of the Caprifoliaceae family. The grade belongs to deciduous and semi-evergreen bushes of low growth. Natural area of dwelling of sort is Mexico and East Asia. Some types, including also Abeliya large-flowered, began to grow up as ornamental plants with flowers of tubular and funneled form.
This sort has received the name in memory of the English doctor and scientist Clark Abele (1780-1826) who was engaged in studying fauna and flora of India, Indonesia and China. The promoting as garden bush the abeliya is in many respects obliged also to such property as resistance to strong trimming. As a result of it the plant perfectly is suitable for production of green hedge.
Description and conditions of growth
Abeliya large-flowered is very popular in Europe now. This semi-evergreen bush can reach height of human growth (180 cm). And in the north of our country it is parted only in the form of pottery culture. Leaves of plant have dark green color with glossy outflow and opposite arrangement on escape. They oblong shape with the sharpened end. The period of blossoming of bush is followed by saturated pleasant aroma which attracts to itself(himself) various insects who are engaged in pollination.
Flowers in the form of hand bell consist of five lobes and are located on plant the smart clusters concentrated, as a rule, on edges of branches. Their color depending on grade can change from white to purple. And fruits contain the only seed. The following species of plant differing in yellow color of leaves belong to the most widespread grades of abeliya large-flowered:
- kaleidoscope;
- edward goucher;
- francis mason.
For favorably growth of abeliya large-flowered it is necessary to observe number of recommendations.
During the winter period it is desirable to place bush in pots in the greenhouse. The most comfortable temperature condition for it makes 10-15C. And in case winter soft (temperature does not fall below - 9C), it is possible to leave plant and on the open ground, having covered it. If after all the frost has affected plant branches, then the damaged places just cut off.
In summertime the abeliya large-flowered best of all feels on the open places lit by the sun. However it is necessary to know that the scorching beams can injure ornamental shrub in the afternoon, having dried up it and having put burns. And on sites which are shaded the plant practically has no growth, blossoming and development of leaves. In this regard the best time for solar lighting should be considered the morning and evening period.
For the effective growth of this plant it is necessary to choose the soil correctly. Optimum it is possible to consider light and subacidic soil (rn 6.0-6.5) with various composition of nutrients.
Rules of leaving
In order that the abeliya large-flowered was healthy and looked most magnificently and beautifully, it is necessary to implement number of simple recommendations about care for it.
Watering and processing of leaves. During the summer period it is necessary regularly and abundant to water plant. Especially it concerns phase of its active growth. For exception of diseases of ornamental shrub it is required not to forget also about spraying of leaves. As the abeliya large-flowered concerns seasonal representatives of flora, the autumn and winter period differs in passivity and rest. In this regard end of summer stage has to be followed by decrease in frequency and volume of watering. And for moistening of surrounding air it is recommended to place near plant the tank with water.
Fertilizing of abeliya large-flowered. This type of leaving has to be followed by special stability and timeliness. Fertilizer of the soil of growth of bush has to be produced by the substrates enriched with organic matters. Compost, humus, cow manure or bird's dung perfectly will be suitable for these purposes in the spring. For bush which postponed wintering in the conditions of the greenhouse the fertilizing has to begin in March. Along with it it is necessary to increase intensity of watering and level of indoor temperature. It is necessary to introduce organic chemistry and mineral fertilizers, alternating them among themselves, 2 times a month.
Cutting of plant. As this species of ornamental shrub grows enough rapidly, relevant care for it can be considered to scrap of its wide branches. For one season the abeliya large-flowered, as a rule, increases in sizes twice. The magnificent krone requires accurate care which consists in giving of certain form to it. The most optimum time for cutting of plant should be considered the end of the period of blossoming. However it is necessary to remember that this requirement does not belong to ampelous plants.
Change and reproduction
The amateur gardeners who are engaged in cultivation of abeliya should not forget that for health of ornamental shrub it is very important to carry out in the summer during its active growth not less than 2 times change. This procedure is made with use of rather capacious container. At first place drainage layer in it. And soil is made of mix of the turf, humus, the deciduous soil and sand. The most optimum proportion should be considered ratio 2х2х2х1.
Reproduction of abeliya large-flowered is carried out by means of seeds or shanks.
In the first case the landing has to have for January. Important condition is constant airing of the room and watering of plant as seeds ascend very quickly. The first leaflets on sprout are signal for dive of plant. At such option of reproduction of abeliya large-flowered its blossoming can be observed already during the same season.
Reproduction by shanks is considered at gardeners the most acceptable method for landing of this plant. In this option the escapes about 5 cm in size formed after cutting of top of plant are used. All procedure includes the following stages:
- rooting of shanks in the substrate mix consisting of peat of perlite and sand at indoor temperature near +25C for 2-3 weeks;
- jumping in small containers with mix of peat, the garden earth and sand (in equal proportions) for a while still root system of plant completely will not fill the soil;
- the sapling together with soil lump is shifted in more volume container.
At such technology of disembarkation the blossoming of ornamental shrub usually occurs only for the third year.
Diseases and wreckers
Mealy dew belongs to the most frequent disease of abeliya large-flowered. It is shown in the form of defeat of sheets of plant by white powdery raid. For treatment of bush it is necessary to remove the parts of plant subject to damage, and then to process it entirely special means (for example, Bayleton or "Topaz").
The following insects treat the most frequent wreckers of this plant:
- web tick;
- plant louse;
- mealy scale;
- tripsa.
Prevention of pathogenic influence is carried out by means of insecticidal medicines. And before processing of plant it is necessary to remove insects from its surface with the sponge or rags impregnated with soap solution.
Except harmful microorganisms and insects wreckers on health of ornamental shrub makes pathogenic impact and the wrong leaving. So, because of long hit of direct sunshine there can be drying and falling off of foliage. At the same time low ambient temperatures, as a rule, lead to falling off of foliage, and lack of light – to lack of blossoming.