The base – the basis of residential building, from that how strong it will be, also how will long stay this building in many respects depends. The choice of structure of the base in each case is defined by reliability and durability. In low inhabited construction have perfectly proved the bases on screw piles. They can be built in any geographical areas on platforms with uneven relief and complex soil.
What is screw piles
Screw piles represent hollow steel pipes which one end – the sharp tip supplied with the cutting blade reminding vessel propeller. The spiral blade when screwing pile to the earth allows to screw in it somehow deeply. When the necessary mark is reached and deepening is stopped, the blade interferes with pushing out of pile outside and reliably fixes it in the earth, creating strong basis on which the base is built.
Such design features of screw piles allow to do without difficult load-lifting mechanisms and to build the base own hands. But at the same time it is necessary to know that the quality of construction depends not so much on respect for technology, it rather simple, how many on quality of piles. It, in turn, depends on steel quality and on blade form. The skilled master can define it at the first view of piles: the screw tip of the correct form is slightly asymmetric that allows to provide easy and smooth entry into soil. If in the course of screwing in there are difficulties caused not by engineering characteristics of the soil, and incorrectly made piles it can be critical and for future building, up to destruction.
Getting screw piles, verify their real form and the sizes with those that are specified in technical data sheet. Useful will and ask the certificate confirming quality of piles.
Advantages of the bases on screw piles
Screw piles can be established as manually, and with use of technical means, on time it can take only 1 day. Their use allows to save up to 60% of the cost of the traditional bases. For construction of easy country or country houses from foam concrete blocks or senvich-panels it is the optimal variant providing reliability of design for the next 150 years. The pile bases which are not breaking integrity of soil have perfectly proved on their most difficult types, the boggy, clay and watered soils, providing necessary seismostability to buildings and constructions. This construction material is ecologically safe. The pile design allows to do without waterproofing and at once after construction can be already loaded that reduces construction terms, and, so and its cost.
Technology of installation of screw piles under the base
At preliminary stage of works on construction of the base on screw piles you need to make the drawing, to make calculation of necessary quantity the and to decide on what length they have to be. For this purpose you will need results of engineering-geological researches of your site, besides, you will need also the topographical scheme which to you will be made by surveyors. According to it the binding of the plan of location of the base of future house to situation on the area is made and the pile field is marked. For convenience, the plan of future building is separated into rectangles, facilitating control of compliance of marking and the actual location of each pile. It is better to begin production of the pile field with screwing up of piles which will be in corners of the planned rectangles, they will play role of reference points for marking of provision of the piles which are in these rectangles.
It is necessary to maintain the accuracy of marking within 1-2 cm, it concerns all linear sizes including diagonal.
In the point planned for installation the pile in vertical position by the sharp end with the screw is put down. If pile short and their length does not exceed 2.5 m, the thick metal rod or scrap which needs to be extended since both ends for creation of the lever is inserted into the technology opening located in upper part of pile. For this purpose use pieces of pipes. For piles which length exceeds 2.5 m it is recommended to use special extenders, they are put on from above and fixed through coaxial openings. The long piece of pipe which will be used as the lever at wraparound of pile is inserted into the loops welded on the extender. By means of such simple devices you will be able to establish manually piles which length does not exceed 4 m. To wrap pile, efforts of 3-4 people which for one turn of pile can bury it at 190 mm round its pivot-center will be required. Process of screwing in needs to be controlled constantly by means of plumb. Lack of perpendicularity should not exceed the 1-2nd. Twisting continues, rated depth will not be reached yet, but it should not be less than 1.5 m. When all piles are established, it is necessary to cut them on one level. Normal geodetic levels and angular grinders are for this purpose used. In the cut piles concrete solution for strengthening of durability is filled in. When concrete stiffens, on pile it is necessary to weld ogolovnik. After that by means of logs all piles connect by pins or self-tapping screws in uniform pile and screw structure of the base.