The new wall decision - the multilayered ventilated facades perfectly have proved in construction of multy-storey residential units and structures of public and business assignment, but in individual housing construction still the most popular are traditional and plaster facades. Meanwhile, at right choice, the ventilated facade can become optimal solution for owner-occupied dwellings of any type – stone, wooden, frame-board.
Design features of the ventilated facades
Sandwich constructions of the ventilated facades which can be applied also to owner-occupied dwelling consist of three layers, each of which performs the function: bearing, heat-insulating and decorative protective. The bearing layer represents metal or timber frame construction which is mounted on outer surface of load bearing walls of the building, this basis on which facing fastens. The heat-insulation layer is also mounted on surface of load bearing walls. As heat insulators use the steamproof materials having low density: mineral wool, foamglass, polyfoam and so forth. The decorative protective facing layer is done of dense, resistant to external influences and impenetrable materials. Between heat-insulating and decorative protective layers surely leave air layer for ventilation.
Such system from two layers having different physicomechanical characteristics, differing from each other in structure and density, separated by air layer allows to solve problem of free conclusion of air vapors by means of natural convection and to exclude formation of condensate.
In the European countries where the ventilated facades in private housing construction are used for a long time, on them, as facing, install solar batteries.
Advantages of the ventilated facades to individual houses
It is possible to refer maintaining the recommended moist characteristics of heat-insulating layer to the main advantages of the ventilated facades that allows to prolong the term of its operation. Besides, the heat-insulating layer which is operated in the optimum mode does not demand additional expenses of the electric power as its heattechnical qualities remain constantly high. You will be able to save on running repair as, unlike the plastered facade, ventilated it is not necessary to update every year. Sandwich construction of the ventilated facade provides good sound insulation that is important if the country cottage is located near the busy highway, and, besides, it works as thermos, keeping in the winter heat, and giving cool to inhabitants of the house in the summer.
Such design gives the chance of easy replacement of any element of the ventilated facade at repair, you can easily change its initial esthetic decision: color, texture of finishing and even completely to replace facing.
The possibility of realization of any architectural concepts, due to use of various finishing materials also belongs to advantages of the ventilated facades that allows to connect design of facade with the small architectural forms located in the house adjoining territory harmoniously. Such facade can change completely even the building built according to the standard project and make it really individual.
The choice of structural components of the ventilated facade for owner-occupied dwelling
For the brick house and also put from foam concrete blocks or porizovanny ceramic blocks as the bearing layer – the framework consisting of brackets and profiles on which the external facing protective layer will fasten it is possible to use aluminum. Unlike cheaper steel, it will provide not only the required durability, but also durability. For the houses built of the rounded logs, the glued bar or constructions built by frame-board method it is reasonable to use the timber frame constructions combining durability, ease and profitability – such framework will manage much cheaper metal. The only condition in this case is need of processing of framework flame and antiseptic retardants. As for heat-insulating layer, for it it is better to choose materials which are easily and quickly mounted – rigid plates from mineral or stone wool. Materials with a density from 70 to 90 kg on CBM will be suitable for owner-occupied dwelling for reasons of fire safety not masked hydrowindscreen more. If necessary, if the house is under construction in northern areas, you can make two layers of thermal insulation, at the same time inside, to load bearing walls of the house it is necessary to put layer of smaller density. For protection of the heat-insulation layer contacting to air layer hydrowind-shelter front films with fireproof additives or nonflammable construction fabric are used. For facing of the ventilated facades it is possible to use various protection materials: fibrotsementny, granite and keramogranitny plates, plastic, glass, metal and aluminum composite panels and also tree. Material selection in this case is defined by material resources and what architectural concept will be embodied. Of course, the plastic siding and metal panels are suitable for finishing of the individual house less though there are examples of interesting architectural projects where they look quite organically.