The main destination of blind area – protection of the base of the building against atmospheric precipitation. As shows experience, it is necessary not only to design blind area competently and to make correctly, but also on conscience to warm. It will allow to solve much bigger range of problems, since reduction of forces of frosty rebound which destroy the base, and finishing with withdrawal of underground waters with protection of the first floor.
What is the warmed blind area?
There is rule: the warmed blind area is the warmed base. Really, such blind area represents the design preventing destruction of the base and walls of the building, washing away of soil and warming of the base.
If the blind area has initially been executed on all norms and rules, further it will prevent risks of destructive influence of the freezing of the soil on house footing built on puchinisty soil. In general design of the warmed blind area is as follows:
- material for waterproofing;
- material for warming;
- system of drainage.
Why it is necessary to warm blind area?
As the main destination of the warmed blind area – protection and warming of the base of the building against its premature destruction because of rebound of soil during the winter period has been told above. However the warmed blind area performs also some other not less significant functions:
- its shifts in relation to the first floor of the building decrease;
- costs on heating of the building are reduced;
- considerably waterproof characteristics of blind area improve;
- there is opportunity to reduce base depth.
Algorithm of actions of professional warming of blind area
The standard professional scheme of laying of layers of "pie" of the warmed blind area and the main stages of this work include the following algorithm of actions.
- The place is prepared. It it is necessary to clear away, remove roots, to skim the earth with grass, equal to depth of the put heater.
- The drainage layer in the form of keramzitny crushed stone keeps within the prepared place.
- The dug deepening on perimeter is enclosed with timbering.
- Protection against penetration of waters becomes by means of clay which is distributed on ditch and is rammed by layer in 25 cm.
- The next layer of sand which for ensuring reliable shrinkage pours down water is filled.
- Extruded polystyrene foam is put on layer of sand.
- Over expanded polystyrene the covering in the form of paving slabs or other material keeps within.
Independent warming of blind area and base. Useful tips
Council No. 1. The correct arrangement of warming of blind area, so, and the base the hands assumes right knowledge of its device and competent respect for sequence of layers of otmostochny "pie". It is necessary to understand that width of its warming has to be not less than the size of freezing of soil. So, the device of correctly warmed blind area own hands the following:
- from below the geotextiles layer keeps within, it forms all design;
- over geotextiles the sandy layer 10-15 cm high is filled up;
- over sand the insulating material layer keeps within;
- further the second sandy layer up to 15 cm high is filled up;
- then the second layer of geotextiles keeps within;
- the layer of small crushed stone is put on geotextiles;
- all turned-out "pie" layer of decorative paving slabs or any other covering crowns.
Council No. 2. It is necessary to understand that on puchinisty soil for determination of size of bedding of the base frost depth has the defining value, despite the fact that specifications allow smaller deepening. But it is worth to remember that on malopuchinisty soil, on the contrary, depth of laying of the foundation does not depend on soil freezing size in any way deep into as is in complete dependence from design features of the building.
Council No. 3. If to warm blind area of the melkozaglublenny base of the building, freezing of soil can be not considered. Therefore even at expenditure for the device of soundly warmed blind area the economy will be essential. At the same time it is necessary to understand that warming – action costly, however unjustified economy can result in uselessness of all made efforts: it is necessary to warm not only blind area with the base, but also socle.
How to warm blind area and the base the hands?
Warming by penoplex
In general optimal variant in this case – warming of blind area related to penoplex material – extruded polystyrene foam. Penoplex warm those places in which it is impossible to apply other heaters. But penoplex, as a rule, is anyway put into practice. Warming of blind area by means of this material has the following advantages:
- high strength on compression;
- zero indicator of vapor permeability and moisture absorption;
- frost resistance;
- durability;
- weak combustibility;
- ecological purity.
To warm blind area the hands by means of penoplex, it is necessary to stack in two layers sheets 5 cm thick or in one layer sheets 10 cm thick. Connection places between sheets are closed up by polyethylene film of the increased durability: it keeps within over layer of plates of penoplex.
Warming by haydite
Ceramsite sand, gravel and crushed stone are the most popular materials applied to warming of any given parts of the building. They are distinguished by fire resistance and efficiency as heater. Haydite is absolutely harmless material which is perfectly protecting the base from moisture penetration.
Ceramsite sand is added as filler to concrete solution, but it is less effective, than gravel. Ceramsite gravel more vlago-both is frost-resistant and is used in independent warming of garages, basements, socle and blind area. Warming of blind area by means of haydite, as a rule, does not demand from the person of special knowledge and big financial expenses. There is this according to the following scheme.
- Deepening for blind area is dug out.
- In deepening the layer of clay and waterproofing, then sand is put and dronit (as protection against shrinkage).
- The next stage – laying of ceramsite gravel, and then again – the dronit and sand.
- From above for design of the territory crushed stone is put.
Further there is device of drainage system.: the drainage system from the house becomes. For this purpose at first the trench is dug out then in it geotextiles, layer of crushed stone and pipe are put. Pipes should be closed layer of crushed stone and edges of geotextiles, and then to fill up with sand.