Construction of owner-occupied one-three-storyed dwellings is more often made with use of wall blocks. They considerably reduce the price of the cost of the house and at the same time have properties, similar to brick or tree, which are considered as traditional in low construction.
Gas concrete
Monolithic concrete blocks are now used seldom, the gas concrete and gas-silicate is generally applied. This type of cellular wall blocks consists of lime, cement, quartz sand, water, stabilizers and blowing agents (most often in their role aluminum acts). Material by foam mineralization with the subsequent thermal treatment in the course of which it stiffens is produced and air ceases to come to light the block.
This material has high heat-insulating characteristics therefore it is considered one of the houses, best in construction, in regions with severe climate. However high water absorption demands reliable waterproofing of the wall made of gas concrete.
Gas-silicate blocks are made on similar technology, but instead of cement silicate acts as cementing agent. However this material is not used for construction of load bearing walls because of low durability.
Keramzitobeton
Other name of this material — wall stone. It is created by addition in concrete mix of haydite — the burned clay which considerably facilitates the block. In the European countries about 50% of construction fall to its share. Such popularity is connected with optimum combination of characteristics and the attractive price. Keramzitobetonny building material is considered one of the most frost-resistant, has low water absorption, besides, it practically does not shrink, and it allows to avoid deformation of walls and clinking. However the more in production of material it was used haydite, the durability is lower and heat conductivity is higher, it is necessary to pay attention to this indicator, buying wall stone.
Except structure, wall blocks differ also in the sizes: from 500 mm for external load bearing walls up to 100 mm for internal partitions. Use of stenoblok is possible at construction of the building no more than 14 meters high.
Slag stone
In this case production slag — waste of steelmaking production, namely blast furnaces is added to concrete mix. Also there add elimination of gravel, crushed stone, granite and also sawdust and sand. Slag stones create by means of vibropressing. As a result quite strong and inexpensive material which can be used for construction of industrial buildings and utility rooms, and in certain cases and residential buildings, but only for external walls turns out.