Gabionny designs have found the application, both in construction, and in design developments. They are used for coastal protection of the rivers and reservoirs, slopes and slopes, for protection of the soil against erosion and prevention of landslides; and also as elements of registration and dressing on the site.
What is gabion?
The word gabion comes from the Italian gabbione — "big cage". In fact it speaking so also is. Gabions represent the "cages" consisting of the twisted metal pro-reducing dies though also plastic grids meet. For filling the stone or large crushed stone which sizes have to exceed the sizes of cells is used as a rule. Gabions are used in construction for strengthening of soil on sloping slopes and on coast of the rivers.
Application.
Gabionny constructions and in landscaping as dressing elements are applied. These mesh designs can be got in shop or to make with own hands.
There is number of normative documents according to which gabions are made:
1. INDUSTRY STANDARD 10 323-2003;
2. VSN-APK 2.30.05.001 03;
3. TSPI 22/43;
4. Methodical recommendations about application of gabionny designs in road and bridge construction", developed by Federal State Unitary Enterprise SOYUZDORPROEKT.
Durability of gabion depends on what wire is used for its production. It is possible to select the main requirements to products on the basis of the normative documents given above:
1. wire durability on rupture of 3000 — 5300 kg/m (exact ultimate strength is defined depending on diameter of section of wire and the sizes of cells);
2. availability of metal anticorrosion coating at operation in standard conditions and polymeric cover when using in corrosive medium;
3. the wire for binding of gabions on the construction site should not have gaps;
4. the expense of lashing wire makes 5% of the lump of metal framework of gabion.
The following values for different types of wire on life cycle are given in VSN-APK 2.30.05.001 03:
1. zinced — 35 years;
2. with galfanovy covering — 75 years;
3. with anticorrosion coating and polymeric cover — of 75 years.
Durability of gabionny constructions increases eventually because in soil sprout plants which roots intertwine and strengthen design.
Gabions are quite simple in installation and do not demand use of the heavy construction equipment. Gabionny grids are durable and capable to stay decades.
In framework form the gabions are subdivided into cylindrical, box-shaped and flat.
Box-shaped it is possible to use for the device of protections of flower beds and vegetable beds, or even as part of fence.
Flat gabions use, as a rule, along coast of the rivers, ravines and slopes, stack them on bottom of superficial ponds and streamlets. As filler for these designs usually use pebble.
The gabion of cylindricity can be used as protection of flower bed.