As in the basement of the house always cold, this place is often used for storage of stocks of vegetables and summer fruit and berry preparations. Though the basement space is also reported with external air, temperature is always lower there, than in other rooms of the house. This fact is explained by laws of physics.
The basement is called the room located underground, most below inhabited floors of the house. If the basement is at depth of 2-3 m below the level of surface and heating sources in it is not established, then air temperature will be always constant there: +5 … +10?. The coldest place in the house the basement is summer, but in the winter in the basement is warmer, than in not heated house over it. The fact is that, according to laws of physics, warm air is lighter, than cold; he always aspires up. More close and dense cold air falls down, it also accumulates in the basement. In the summer all floors of the house receive heat from the roof heated by beams of the sun. Naturally, upper floors get warm stronger, than lower, and the basement warmly does not reach at all. In the winter premises are heated artificially, and this insignificant amount of heat especially cannot warm the basement. However if in the house do not live in the winter, in the basement even at negative temperature on the street temperature above zero, unlike upper floors will remain. Continuous above-zero temperature underground allows some animals to winter in hibernation in underground holes. Also people in extreme cases can winter in not heated dugout; though surrounding temperature will not be comfortable and pleasant, but will allow not to die from cold. The basement, dugout or other underground room are deeper, that temperature in it will be higher. For example, the subway can quite call the deep basement; in it there is no artificial heating, but in the winter there is not cold, and the pleasant cool reigns in the summer. At construction of residential buildings (cottages) with not heated basement it is necessary to consider that overlapping between the basement and the first floor has to be supplied with thermal insulation. Otherwise floor on the first floor will always be cold, and stay in this room without supplementary heating will not be comfortable.