Scientific knowledge not only helps to explain any facts, but also to comprehend them in the offered system of coordinates and a conceptual framework of the chosen discipline. By means of scientific knowledge it is possible to receive answers not only to the question "How?", but also to the questions "Why?" and "For What Reason?". Scientific knowledge does not tolerate lack of proofs: any statement can be considered scientific only after its justification.
Problem of scientific knowledge
The main objective of scientific knowledge is detection of objective laws of the existing reality: natural, public (social), laws actually knowledge and thinking. For this reason researches are guided by essential properties, characteristics of a subject or object and also by their expression in an abstract system. Thanks to scientific knowledge there is possible an opening of objective communications and objective laws. If it did not occur, then there would be also no science per se as the concept of scientific character means opening and formulation of laws, the analysis of essence of the studied phenomena.
Purpose and vector of development of scientific knowledge
The main value and the purpose of scientific knowledge is the objective truth which can be comprehended only by rational methods and means. Thus, one of characteristic features of scientific knowledge – objectivity, refusal of the subjective moments for the sake of "purity" is defined (an experiment, the proof, a research). Unlike other forms of knowledge the science is aimed on the embodiment in practice. It becomes peculiar "textbook", the instruction, the guide to action allowing to find methods of change of surrounding reality, managements of real processes. One of the most important features of scientific knowledge is studying objects which theoretically and can be almost included in activity as potential subjects to its future development, a research of these objects in terms of submission to their general and private laws of functioning and development.
Scientific knowledge is difficult and sometimes contradictory if to consider it in gnoseological aspect, process of reproduction of knowledge which develops in the complete conceptual system, the system of hypotheses and laws, theories and other ideal forms. Scientific knowledge allows not only to fix elements, but also to reproduce them in strict accordance with laws and the principles. The science can develop on revolutionary (scientific revolutions during which there are sign opening) and evolutionary (when the gained knowledge goes deep and extend) ways. One more distinctive feature of scientific knowledge is continuous self-updating.
Methods and principles of scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge operates with rather difficult tools and devices. Use of own objects and methods is characteristic of science in a much bigger measure, than of other forms of knowledge. For example, modern logic, dialectics, hypothetico-deductive receptions, mathematical methods, etc. Scientific knowledge demands proofs, the justifications received during the researches and experiments of results, reliability and objectivity of conclusions. At the same time it assumes existence of a large number of guesses, hypotheses, judgments.