They say, all in the world parno, only the truth of couple has no. Perhaps, it so, but nevertheless the principle of duality of the nature was taken as a basis in the computer world for "communication" with electronic machines.
0 and 1 – two main categories of computer language into whom the essence of the virtual world which becomes more and more real is put. Despite huge number of languages which people created today all of them anyway come down to uniform computer language, to those to zero and unit.
Ubiquitous binary code
Besides language in computers, the binary code is widely used in digital electronic schemes, namely logical gates. Practically all modern computers, smartphones, tablets and also digital cameras, microwave ovens and all devices where there are processors, are anyway connected with 0 and 1.
It is impossible to tell who exactly invented a binary system as it was known still B.C. And today, not to confuse in what system the number is written down, after it the index below is put. In some cases can represent number in the form of a prefix 0b. Over binary numbers it is possible to make elementary mathematical operations: addition, subtraction, multiplication. Besides, they can be transformed to a usual decimal numeral system. For example, if binary number 111101 is given, then it is necessary to make the following: 1 * 2^5 + 1*2^4 + 1*2^3 + 1 * 2^2 + 0 * 2^1 + 1 * 2^0 = 61
Why 0 and 1
The reason for which binary system is chosen is that, the less values are in a system, the it is simpler to operate production of separate elements which operate these values. For example, two figures of a binary system will easily be transformed to many phenomena of the physical world. It can be current in networks or its lack or existence and lack of the electromagnetic field. If the element has less possible states, it is exposed to smaller quantity of possible hindrances and can quicker work. Plus to it, in binary arithmetics it is very simple to make elementary mathematical operations.
Background
It is possible to give 64 hexagrams from the Chinese "Book of changes" as a striking example of the binary code. They are located from 0 to 63 with the principle of a dvoichnost. However there are no obvious certificates that in those days understood rules of binary arithmetics. And in 200 years B.C. the famous Indian mathematician Pingala investigated poetry. He removed special mathematical bases in which versification was described. Exactly here the binary numeral system was also applied. And the Inca living in the Andes in 1-2 millennium of our era thought up writing to kip. It consisted of small knots which realized the system of a desyatichnost and a dvoichnost. Here it is possible to see primary and additional keys, coding in color and formation of series. The universality of writing is that it is possible to call it a prototype of modern databases. There are certificates that in this way Inca conducted accounts department.