Methanol and ethanol - the transparent liquids not distinguishable to taste. However that on volume is equal to 2 teaspoons, can lead reception of 10 ml of methyl alcohol to a serious poisoning, and 30 ml and more – by a lethal outcome. Therefore at all not to the liyena in living conditions to be able to distinguish one alcohol from another.
It is required to you
- - mug;
- - thermometer;
- - plate;
- - copper wire;
- - iodine tincture;
- - potassium permanganate;
- - baking soda;
- - potatoes.
Instruction
1. Take a metal mug and fill it on a third with the studied liquid. Put on a plate and include a ring. Lower the thermometer in alcohol. Record liquid boiling temperature, on it it is possible to assume the chemical composition of alcohol. Methyl alcohol begins to boil at 64 OS, ethyl – at 78 OS.
2. Heat a piece of a copper wire over a lighter flame and lower it in alcohol. The copper oxide formed when heating will react with the studied liquid. Among other products of interaction there will be an aldehyde having a characteristic smell. If the studied liquid – ethanol, you feel a smell of vinegar or rotten apples. In a case from the nose which is unpleasantly irritating mucous.
3. Merge a small amount of alcohol in transparent capacity, add a pinch of baking soda and carefully stir. Drip in the received mix iodine tincture. Look whether the deposit will drop out. Ethanol in reaction with iodine forms an iodoform – insoluble substance of yellow color. Methanol remains transparent and does not leave a sediment.
4. Add several crystals of permanganate of potassium to alcohol and heat the turned pink solution. Allocation of vials of gas demonstrates that before you methyl alcohol.
5. Try a national way of definition of the chemical composition of alcohol. Throw into liquid the peeled potatoes at several o'clock. The pink shade demonstrates that alcohol methyl blue – ethyl.