As the science of the information scientist began to develop with the second half of the twentieth century that is connected with the invention of the COMPUTER and the beginning of computer evolution. Computers allowed to get necessary hardware support to the information science developing to this day.
In the history of computer science it is accepted to allocate two big periods: background and history. In the first period stages of development of information before emergence of electronic computer facilities are considered. In the second - it is about development of cybernetic and technical means of study and also about formation of complex and scientific discipline.
Background
The background of development of computer science can be compared to the history of development of humanity. In it very approximately allocate several main stages. They are characterized by sharp increase of opportunities of storage, processing and information transfer.
1. Development of the speech. The articulate speech became a specific way of transfer and storage of information. 2. Emergence of writing. This stage allowed to promote seriously in an issue of storage of information. That is there was an external artificial memory. There was first mail, that is an opportunity to transfer information at distance and also the first natural numbers which allowed people to make more difficult calculations. It is considered that sciences begin to arise during this period. 3. Publishing. Emergence of the first information technologies. Reproduction of necessary information was put on a stream. Information became much more well and more precisely. 4. Beginning of a scientific and technological revolution. This stage is connected with emergence of radio, phones, telegraphs and television. There were new ways of storage of information – visual (photos and movies) and sound (magnetic tapes, vinila).
History
Emergence of the first COMPUTERS allowed to emit the whole layer of science which is called computer science today. At first it was called science about calculations, however then extended and began to cover the increasing problems and methods. Besides for the first time there was an opportunity to speak about a uniform form of submission of the stored and processed information. Regardless of which knowledge needs to be kept, they will be coded in a binary form. The computer allows to process text, visual and sound information at the same time. Today understand an extensive complex of sciences as computer science. Here the cybernetics, programming, system engineering, modeling and others belongs. Each of them is engaged in studying separate aspects of computer science. Scientists assume further rapprochement and a combination of these sciences. However before emergence of one general science uniting all data on use, storage and information transfers, still far.