Mars - the planet, the fourth from the Sun, relating to group of space objects of "terrestrial" type. Not so long ago scientists started development of the grandiose Mars One project. Its main objective is transfer to this planet of the first people and foundation of colony. In this regard many Internet users had a question of that how many to fly to Mars.
Mars — the planet, the fourth from the Sun, and Earth — the third. That is there are no other planets between their orbits. The distance to Mars from Earth is more, than from it to Venus, but on space scales it is not too big. At different times this indicator can change. Orbits of planets in the solar system not round, and extended. So, for example, in 2003 the distance from Earth to Mars made 55 million km. At this particular time Hubble made pictures of this planet.
Minimum the distance from Earth to Mars will become when the last is in a perihelion orbit point, and the first — in an aphelion point. At this time the distance between planets, according to calculations of scientists, will be equal to 54.6 million km.
At that time, when planets are on the opposite sides from the Sun, the maximum distance between them makes 401 million km. The average distance between these planets is equal to 225 million km.
How many to fly from Earth to Mars on time: theory
It is simple to calculate flight time from Earth to the red planet, having used simple formulas. The fastest space station is capable to move with a speed of 16, 26 km/s presently. Of course, it somewhat is a lot of.
If the ship which went to Mars has the same speed, then at the smallest distance from Earth of the last, will achieve the objective approximately in 39 days. When finding the red planet on average removal this term to make about 162 days. At the maximum distance the answer to a question of that how many 289 days will begin to fly to Mars.
Flight time: practice
Of course, all figures given above are approximate. Calculations in this case are carried out on a straight line. But actually the ship should overcome bigger distance. Planets do not stand still. They move around the Sun. Therefore, and the answer to a question of that how many big figures will fly to Mars.
Concrete examples
As people already started stations to Mars, time of a way to this planet at the moment is known more or less precisely. The very first spaceship which was called Mariner 4 in 1964 overcame distance between Earth and Mars in 228 days. Mars-express reached the red planet in 2003 in 201 days. Maven, the artificial satellite of Mars, achieved the objective for the 307th day.
Mars One program
Flight to Mars according to this program for volunteers will become the one way ticket. The first colonists of the red planet will not be able to return on the earth. Nevertheless the application for participation in the program was submitted by about 20 thousand people. From them it was selected in the subsequent 1058. It is supposed that the first group of volunteers will land on Mars in 2025. In the subsequent each two years new settlers will join to them. Astronauts including will not be able to return to Earth because on the red planet at them some muscles quickly atrophy. Gravitation on Mars much less, than on Earth. The person, weighing on our planet of 100 kg, on red will weigh only 38 kg.
In spite of the fact that the fastest station can reach the surface of the planet of everything in 1.5 months, flight with people will take much more time. Colonists should stay in a way not less than 7 months. The scientists who are engaged in development of Mars One assume that the answer to a question of that how many at least 210 days will begin to fly to Mars on time for volunteers.