Air represents mix of a set of gases. Its most mass component is nitrogen, on the second place of the most necessary for any living organism an element – oxygen. On percentage argon, the fourth – carbonic ranks third inert gas. Content of all other gases: hydrogen, methane, other inert gases, etc., so is not enough that in most cases they can be neglected when calculating. Whether it is possible to calculate the volume of the air which is in the room or in any vessel? Of course, it is possible.
Instruction
1. The majority of rooms have the correct geometrical form. Their opposite walls are parallel. That is the volume of such room is calculated just as volume of rectangular bar, for example. Measure length (A), width (B) and height (H) of the room, multiply these sizes, as a result receive volume: V = AhVhN. It is the most convenient to perform measurements a construction roulette.
2. Let's assume, to you such task is set: what volume occupies air under normal conditions if its quantity – 12 moths? Its decision is very simple. It is known that under normal conditions the volume of one of any gas or mix of gases makes about 22.4 liters. Increase this size by 12, receive the answer: 22.4 * 12 = 268.8 liters. Or, about 0.27 м^3.
3. Complicate a task a little. Let's say the amount of air known to you is concluded by the mass of M in a tight vessel. On this air worked external pressure size P, at a temperature equal to T. What volume will occupy air under such circumstances?
4. Here you will be helped by the well-known equation of Mendeleyev-Klapeyrona removed independently of each other by our compatriot D.I. Mendeleyev and Frenchman B.P.E. Klapeyron. It describes a condition of ideal gas. Though air, of course, is not ideal gas, this equation can be used if in calculations high precision is not required. Mendeleyev-Klapeyrona's equation registers so: PV = MRT/m
5. Sizes P, M, T are known to you under the terms of a task, size R – the universal gas constant can be found in any reference book on chemistry, physics or on the Internet. It is equal to 8.31. The only remained size – m (molar mass of air). It is in precisely the same way, and is equal 28.98 grams/mol. For convenience of calculations round this size to 29 g/mol.
6. Having a little transformed the equation, you receive a formula: V = MRT/mPPodstaviv the known sizes and having made calculation, find the required volume of air.