All objects of surrounding reality exist in three-dimensional space. On drawings they should be represented in the two-dimensional system of coordinates, and it does not give to the viewer a sufficient idea of how the subject looks in reality. Therefore in technical drawing the projections allowing to transfer volume are applied. One of them is called isometric.
It is required to you
- - paper;
- - drawing accessories.
Instruction
1. Begin creation of an isometric projection with arrangement of axes. One of them will always be vertical, and on drawings it is usually designated as axis Z, its Initial point can be designated as O. Prodolzhita OZ axis down.
2. The provision of other two axes can be defined in two ways, depending on what drawing tools you have. If you have a protractor, postpone from OZ axis in both parties the corners equal 120º. Carry out axes X and Y.
3. If at your disposal only compasses, draw a circle of any radius with the center in O. Prodolzhite's point OZ axis before its second crossing with a circle and put the end, for example, 1. Part compasses legs on the distance equal to radius. Carry out an arch with the center in a point 1. Note points of its crossing with a circle. They also designate the directions of axes X and Y. To the left side axis X, to the right - Y departs from axis Z.
4. Construct an isometric projection of a flat figure. Distortion coefficients in an isometry on all axes are accepted to 1. To construct a square with the party and, lay off this distance from a point About on axes X and Y and make notches. Draw the straight lines parallel to both specified axes through the received points. The square in this projection looks as a parallelogram with corners in 120º and 60º.
5. To construct a triangle, it is necessary to continue axis X so that a new part of a beam was located between axes Z m of Y. Halve the party of a triangle and postpone the received size from a point About on axis X in both parties. On axis Y postpone triangle height. Connect the ends of the piece located on axis X to the received point on axis Y.
6. In the similar way also the trapeze is under construction in an isometric projection. In one and in other party from a point About postpone a half of the basis of this geometrical figure for axes X, and on axis Y - height. Through notches on axis Y draw the straight line parallel to axis X, and postpone on it in both parties a half of the second basis. Connect the received points to notches on axis X.
7. The circle in an isometry looks as an ellipse. It can be constructed both taking into account coefficient of distortions, and without. Large diameter will be equal in the first case to diameter of the circle, and small will be 0.58 from it. At construction without this coefficient of an axis of an ellipse 1.22 and 0.71 diameters of an initial circle will equal respectively.
8. Flat figures can be located in space as it is horizontal, and vertically. It is possible to take any axis as a basis, the principles of construction remain the same, as in the first case.