Most often acid is the transparent liquid which is not possessing a smell. How to define what acid faces us? To us the analytical chemistry will help to find the answer to this question. As an example we will consider how to distinguish the most often found acids: nitric, sulfuric and salt.
It is required to you
- The table of solubility of acids and also reactants first of all is necessary for us for acid definition.
Instruction
1. So, we are faced by three identical test tubes with acids. To understand in what test tube whatof acid is, we will address the table of solubility and we will pick up the reactions accompanied with loss of a deposit, change of color of solution, or liberation of gas characteristic only of one studied acid.
2. We see that sulfuric acid drops out in a deposit in interaction with barium ions, and other two acids do not. We cast on several milliliters of the studied acids in clean test tubes. We add to them several milliliters of the basis of Ba (OH) 2 barium. In one of test tubes the white muddy deposit drops out. Perfectly, we defined where there is sulfuric acid!
3. We study the table further. As we see, chloride of silver leaves a sediment, and nitrate does not. We cast some more milliliters of the studied acids in clean test tubes. We add a few AgNO3 to each test tube. In a test tube where there was hydrochloric acid, the deposit of white color begins to be formed, further stiffening in the form of the translucent raid called horn silver. In a test tube to nitric acid there are no changes.