The ability to define the main idea of the text is among important educational abilities. The speed of understanding and quality of assimilation of the text depends on it. The escalating volume of information forces to work with texts not only of school students and students, but also adults. The ability to quickly allocate the main idea will allow everyone to lower expenses of time for reading, and will increase the volume of the processed (readable) texts, and, therefore, will facilitate work. For this purpose it is required very few – to remember several standard questions by which it is necessary to be set, reading the text on paragraphs.
Instruction
1. Define a text subject, answering a question: "What interests the author of the text?" The answer to this question comes easily as self-evident, especially, if the subject is reflected in heading directly. When the name uses a metaphor, define a subject, reading the text on paragraphs. You recognize that the subject is a designation of a subject of the speech (about what it is told in the text, about what vital phenomena, questions), and the main idea is the relation of the author to the subject of the speech, its assessment represented.
2. Define what task is set by the author of the text. Ask a question what the author on the chosen subject wanted to tell? Whether he wanted to transfer information, to express the relation to a problem or to focus attention on a topical problem.
3. Pay attention in what an originality of author's perception? How the author expresses assessment to the objects or the phenomena which drew his attention? Illumination of a circle of problems from an author's position is also a main objective and the idea of the text.
4. Answer a question why the author considers quite so? What arguments are adduced by the author in justification of the position? Reading the text, pay attention to the main words in offers. Considering that texts write with use of various receptions of belief, a giperbolizirovaniye, or artistic touches of creation of brightness and figurativeness of the text, it is possible to separate minor words from main, bearing semantic loading. Thereby allocation of the main idea becomes simpler.
5. At last, define what conclusions the author draws? The main idea in the text can be shaped as a certain author's conclusion to which the author brings also the reader. At answers to questions lean on those speech means which are used by the author. In other words, quote if you perform educational or analytical work, it will allow you not to be unfounded. To the contrary, formulate the main idea by the own words – for yourself, for acceleration of own understanding and storing of the text.